{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T13:39:09Z","timestamp":1792157949145,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Norfolk Heart Trust"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is detected in over 30% of patients following an embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) when monitored with an implantable loop recorder (ILR). Identifying AF in ESUS survivors has significant therapeutic implications, and AF risk is essential to guide screening with long-term monitoring. The present study aimed to establish the role of left atrial (LA) function in subsequent AF identification and develop a risk model for AF in ESUS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a single-centre retrospective case\u2013control study including all patients with ESUS referred to our institution for ILR implantation from December 2009 to September 2019. We recorded clinical variables at baseline and analysed transthoracic echocardiograms in sinus rhythm. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to inform variables associated with AF. Lasso regression analysis was used to develop a risk prediction model for AF. The risk model was internally validated using bootstrapping. Three hundred and twenty-three patients with ESUS underwent ILR implantation. In the ESUS population, 293 had a stroke, whereas 30 had suffered a transient ischaemic attack as adjudicated by a senior stroke physician. Atrial fibrillation of any duration was detected in 47.1%. The mean follow-up was 710 days. Following lasso regression with backwards elimination, we combined increasing lateral PA (the time interval from the beginning of the P wave on the surface electrocardiogram to the beginning of the A\u2032 wave on pulsed wave tissue Doppler of the lateral mitral annulus) [odds ratio (OR) 1.011], increasing Age (OR 1.035), higher Diastolic blood pressure (OR 1.027), and abnormal LA reservoir Strain (OR 0.973) into a new PADS score. The probability of identifying AF can be estimated using the formula. Model discrimination was good [area under the curve (AUC) 0.72]. The PADS score was internally validated using bootstrapping with 1000 samples of 150 patients showing consistent results with an AUC of 0.73.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The novel PADS score can identify the risk of AF on prolonged monitoring with ILR following ESUS and should be considered a dedicated risk stratification tool for decision-making regarding the screening strategy for AF in stroke.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwad228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T12:12:39Z","timestamp":1689077559000},"page":"1965-1974","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Atrial fibrillation in embolic stroke of undetermined source: role of advanced imaging of left atrial function"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0391-0398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panagiota Anna","family":"Chousou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia , Norwich NR4 7TJ , UK"},{"name":"Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Cambridge CB2 0QQ , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Chattopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia , Norwich NR4 7TJ , UK"},{"name":"Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Cambridge CB2 0QQ , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liam","family":"Ring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Suffolk Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Hardwick Lane , Bury Saint Edmunds IP33 2QZ , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayvan","family":"Khadjooi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Cambridge CB2 0QQ , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A","family":"Warburton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Cambridge CB2 0QQ , UK"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 3EL , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trisha","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Cambridge CB2 0QQ , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U","family":"Bhalraam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust , Norwich NR4 7UY , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1534-7587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Tsampasian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia , Norwich NR4 7TJ , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2698-2252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Potter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia , Norwich NR4 7TJ , UK"},{"name":"Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust , Norwich NR4 7UY , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aris","family":"Perperoglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics, Statistics and Astrophysics, University of Newcastle , Newcastle , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter John","family":"Pugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Cambridge CB2 0QQ , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vassilios S","family":"Vassiliou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia , Norwich NR4 7TJ , UK"},{"name":"Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust , Norwich NR4 7UY , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-018-0984-0","article-title":"Economic burden of stroke: a systematic review on post-stroke care","volume":"20","author":"Rajsic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Health Econ"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2429","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1804492","article-title":"Global, regional, and country-specific lifetime risks of stroke, 1990 and 2016","volume":"379","author":"Roth","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70310-7","article-title":"Embolic strokes of undetermined source: the case for a new clinical construct","volume":"13","author":"Hart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.24.1.35","article-title":"Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial","volume":"24","author":"Love","year":"1993","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828f1828","article-title":"Incidence of atrial fibrillation detected by implantable loop recorders in unexplained stroke","volume":"80","author":"Cotter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2478","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1313600","article-title":"Cryptogenic stroke and underlying atrial fibrillation","volume":"370","author":"Sanna","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-12-200706190-00007","article-title":"Meta-analysis: antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients who have nonvalvular atrial fibrillation","volume":"146","author":"Hart","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Int Med"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047829","article-title":"Deep neural networks can predict new-onset atrial fibrillation from the 12-lead ECG and help identify those at risk of atrial fibrillation-related stroke","volume":"143","author":"Raghunath","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1802686","article-title":"Rivaroxaban for stroke prevention after embolic stroke of undetermined source","volume":"378","author":"Hart","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1813959","article-title":"Dabigatran for prevention of stroke after embolic stroke of undetermined source","volume":"380","author":"Diener","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.0617","article-title":"Recurrent stroke with rivaroxaban compared with aspirin according to predictors of atrial fibrillation: secondary analysis of the NAVIGATE ESUS randomized clinical trial","volume":"76","author":"Healey","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa612","article-title":"2020 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS): the task force for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC","volume":"42","author":"Hindricks","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)70027-X","article-title":"Diagnosis of atrial fibrillation after stroke and transient ischaemic attack: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Sposato","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.06.039","article-title":"Long-term detection of atrial fibrillation with insertable cardiac monitors in a real-world cryptogenic stroke population","volume":"244","author":"Ziegler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.01.011","article-title":"2019 AHA\/ACC\/HRS focused update of the 2014 AHA\/ACC\/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society","volume":"74","author":"January","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.026693","article-title":"Screening for atrial fibrillation","volume":"135","author":"Freedman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15102","article-title":"Predicting atrial fibrillation after cryptogenic stroke via a clinical risk score\u2014a prospective observational study","volume":"29","author":"Kneihsl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1391","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2016.10.96","article-title":"The appropriate use of risk scores in the prediction of atrial fibrillation","volume":"8","author":"O\u2019Neal","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930211045880","article-title":"Use of risk scores for predicting new atrial fibrillation after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack\u2014a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Kishore","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1159\/000476030","article-title":"A clinical score for predicting atrial fibrillation in patients with cryptogenic stroke or transient ischemic attack","volume":"138","author":"Kwong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286419842698","article-title":"Evaluation of a clinical score for predicting atrial fibrillation in cryptogenic stroke patients with insertable cardiac monitors: results from the CRYSTAL AF study","volume":"12","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.047","article-title":"Predictors of new onset atrial fibrillation during 10-year follow-up after first-ever ischemic stroke","volume":"199","author":"Baturova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e012546","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.012546","article-title":"C2HEST score and prediction of incident atrial fibrillation in poststroke patients: a French nationwide study","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e115","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006727","article-title":"Development and validation of a score to detect paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after stroke","volume":"92","author":"Uphaus","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.01.028","article-title":"A simple score that predicts paroxysmal atrial fibrillation on outpatient cardiac monitoring after embolic stroke of unknown source","volume":"27","author":"Ricci","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2018.03.024","article-title":"Prediction of new-onset atrial fibrillation after first-ever ischemic stroke: a comparison of CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc and HATCH scores and the added value of stroke severity","volume":"272","author":"Hsieh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12017","article-title":"Predictors of newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in cryptogenic stroke: a cohort study","volume":"20","author":"Bugnicourt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1159\/000323852","article-title":"Score for the targeting of atrial fibrillation: a new approach to diagnosing paroxysmal atrial fibrillation","volume":"31","author":"Suissa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2012.03816.x","article-title":"Does the STAF score help detect paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in acute stroke patients?","volume":"20","author":"Horstmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01427-9","article-title":"Patent foramen ovale: a review of associated conditions and the impact of physiological size","volume":"38","author":"Kerut","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e007146","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.007146","article-title":"Patent foramen ovale closure for stroke prevention and other disorders","volume":"7","author":"Collado","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)60336-X","article-title":"Incidence and size of patent foramen ovale during the first 10 decades of life: an autopsy study of 965 normal hearts","volume":"59","author":"Hagen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-0134","article-title":"A novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey","volume":"138","author":"Pisters","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B34","first-page":"3258","article-title":"The ORBIT bleeding score: a simple bedside score to assess bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation","volume":"36","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2014.10.003","article-title":"Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging","volume":"28","author":"Lang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jet105","article-title":"Recommendations for the echocardiographic assessment of native valvular regurgitation: an executive summary from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging","volume":"14","author":"Lancellotti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2008.11.029","article-title":"Echocardiographic assessment of valve stenosis: EAE\/ASE recommendations for clinical practice","volume":"22","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jew335","article-title":"Recommendations on the echocardiographic assessment of aortic valve stenosis: a focused update from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging and the American Society of Echocardiography","volume":"18","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2016.01.011","article-title":"Recommendations for the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging","volume":"29","author":"Nagueh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Society of Echocardiogr"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8175.2008.00881.x","article-title":"Intra-left atrial mechanical delay detected by tissue Doppler echocardiography can be a useful marker for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation","volume":"26","author":"Deniz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s12947-020-00205-2","article-title":"Usefulness of tissue Doppler-derived atrial electromechanical delay for identifying patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation","volume":"18","author":"Akamatsu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Ultrasound"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2009.03.028","article-title":"Assessment of atrial electromechanical delay, diastolic functions, and left atrial mechanical functions in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"22","author":"Acar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.5603\/CJ.2013.0164","article-title":"Predictive value of atrial electromechanical delay for atrial fibrillation recurrence","volume":"20","author":"Ari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cardiol J"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2018.03.011","article-title":"Left atrial function is associated with earlier need for cardiac surgery in moderate to severe mitral regurgitation: usefulness in targeting for early surgery","volume":"31","author":"Ring","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-019-01601-0","article-title":"Utility of left atrial strain for predicting atrial fibrillation following ischemic stroke","volume":"35","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"f321","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eux272","article-title":"Adapting detection sensitivity based on evidence of irregular sinus arrhythmia to improve atrial fibrillation detection in insertable cardiac monitors","volume":"20","author":"P\u00fcrerfellner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.109.877852","article-title":"Performance of a new leadless implantable cardiac monitor in detecting and quantifying atrial fibrillation results of the XPECT trial","volume":"3","author":"Hindricks","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.7.1954","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation begets atrial fibrillation. A study in awake chronically instrumented goats","volume":"92","author":"Wijffels","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2003.11.042","article-title":"Prognostic differences between atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter","volume":"93","author":"Lelorier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.08.066","article-title":"Inter-relationships of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter mechanisms and clinical implications","volume":"51","author":"Waldo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2019.02.016","article-title":"The proportion of missing data should not be used to guide decisions on multiple imputation","volume":"110","author":"Madley-Dowd","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B52","volume-title":"Missing Data: A Gentle Introduction","author":"McKnight","year":"2007"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B53","first-page":"1","article-title":"MICE: multivariate imputation by chained equations in R","volume":"45","author":"van Buuren","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B54","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2019"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v033.i01","article-title":"Regularization paths for generalized linear models via coordinate descent","volume":"33","author":"Friedman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2020.01.003","article-title":"Development of a novel score to predict newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation after ischemic stroke: the CHASE-LESS score","volume":"295","author":"Hsieh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2016.12.009","article-title":"Usefulness of the MrWALLETS scoring system to predict first diagnosed atrial fibrillation in patients with ischemic stroke","volume":"119","author":"Muscari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2010.11.011","article-title":"Development of a scoring system for atrial fibrillation in acute stroke and transient ischemic attack patients: the LADS scoring system","volume":"301","author":"Malik","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2866","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.552679","article-title":"Score for the targeting of atrial fibrillation (STAF)","volume":"40","author":"Suissa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2017.07.027","article-title":"Use of atrial strain to predict atrial fibrillation after cerebral ischemia","volume":"11","author":"Pathan","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.4250\/jcu.2016.24.1.20","article-title":"Incremental value of left atrial global longitudinal strain for prediction of post stroke atrial fibrillation in patients with acute ischemic stroke","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Ultrasound"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeaa091","article-title":"How to do LA strain","volume":"21","author":"Voigt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B63","first-page":"399","article-title":"Use of echocardiography to stratify the risk of atrial fibrillation: comparison of left atrial and ventricular strain","volume":"21","author":"Kawakami","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2018.08.033","article-title":"Prevalence of atrial fibrillation with insertable cardiac monitors in cryptogenic stroke: a single-center experience","volume":"51","author":"Asaithambi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14061","article-title":"Ultra-early continuous cardiac monitoring improves atrial fibrillation detection and prognosis of patients with cryptogenic stroke","volume":"27","author":"Cuadrado-Godia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"2023122108050096300_zwad228-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01698-6","article-title":"Implantable loop recorder detection of atrial fibrillation to prevent stroke (the LOOP study): a randomised controlled trial","volume":"398","author":"Svendsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Preventive Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwad228\/51072680\/zwad228.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/article-pdf\/30\/18\/1965\/54581770\/zwad228.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/article-pdf\/30\/18\/1965\/54581770\/zwad228.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]],"date-time":"2023-12-21T09:26:09Z","timestamp":1703150769000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/article\/30\/18\/1965\/7222577"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwad228","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-4873","2047-4881"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-4873","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-4881","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]]}}}