{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T06:31:56Z","timestamp":1792132316209,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008792","name":"Novartis Pharma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a genetically determined causal risk factor for cardiovascular disease including coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, ischaemic stroke, and calcific aortic valve stenosis. Clinical trials of specific and potent Lp(a)-lowering drugs are currently underway. However, in clinical practice, widespread assessment of Lp(a) is still lacking despite several guideline recommendations to measure Lp(a) at least once in a lifetime in all adults to identify those at high or very high risk due to elevated levels. The present review provides an overview of key findings from observational and genetic Lp(a) studies, highlights the main challenges in observational Lp(a) studies, and proposes a minimum set of requirements to enhance the quality and harmonize the collection of Lp(a)-related data. Adherence to the recommendations set forth in the present manuscript is intended to enhance the quality of future observational Lp(a) studies, to better define thresholds for increased risk, and to better inform clinical trial design. The recommendations can also potentially assist in the interpretation and generalization of clinical trial findings, to improve care of patients with elevated Lp(a) and optimize treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwae032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]],"date-time":"2024-01-23T00:48:56Z","timestamp":1705970936000},"page":"903-914","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Lipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular disease: sifting the evidence to guide future research"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7627-6762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pia R","family":"Kamstrup","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Herlev and Gentofte , Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 73, 2730 Herlev , Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R Dermot G","family":"Neely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Health Science Network North East and North Cumbria (AHSN) , Room 2.13, Biomedical Research Building, The Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Nun\u2019s Moor Road, Newcastle, NE4 5PL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Nissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, OH , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulf","family":"Landmesser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charit\u00e9, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine , Hindenburgdamm 30, Berlin 12203 , Germany"},{"name":"DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) partner Site Berlin , Berlin 12203 , Germany"},{"name":"Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin , Charit\u00e9platz 1, Berlin 10117 , Germany"},{"name":"Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) , Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Str. 2, Berlin 10178 , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arash","family":"Haghikia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charit\u00e9, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine , Hindenburgdamm 30, Berlin 12203 , Germany"},{"name":"DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) partner Site Berlin , Berlin 12203 , Germany"},{"name":"Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin , Charit\u00e9platz 1, Berlin 10117 , Germany"},{"name":"Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) , Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Str. 2, Berlin 10178 , 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