{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T21:14:28Z","timestamp":1790889268165,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an atherogenic lipid particle associated with increased risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) events. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) score is a tool to diagnose subclinical atherosclerosis and guide clinical decision-making for primary prevention of CHD. Studies show conflicting results concerning the relationship between Lp(a) and CAC in asymptomatic populations. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association of Lp(a) and CAC in asymptomatic patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane until April 2023 for studies evaluating the association between Lp(a) and CAC in asymptomatic patients. We evaluated CAC &amp;gt; 0 Agatston units, and CAC \u2265 100. Lp(a) was analysed as a continuous or dichotomous variable. We assessed the association between Lp(a) and CAC with pooled odds ratios (OR) adopting a random-effects model. A total of 23 105 patients from 18 studies were included in the meta-analysis with a mean age of 55.9 years, 46.4% female. Elevated Lp(a) increased the odds of CAC &amp;gt; 0 [OR 1.31; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.05\u20131.64; P = 0.02], CAC \u2265100 (OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.01\u20131.65; P = 0.04; ), and CAC progression (OR 1.43; 95% CI 1.20\u20131.70; P &amp;lt; 0.01; ). For each increment of 1\u2005mg\/dL in Lp(a) there was a 1% in the odds of CAC &amp;gt; 0 (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1.01\u20131.01; P &amp;lt; 0.01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings of this meta-analysis suggest that Lp(a) is positively associated with a higher likelihood of CAC. Higher Lp(a) levels increased the odds of CAC &amp;gt;0. These data support the concept that Lp(a) is atherogenic, although with high heterogeneity and a low level of certainty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Protocol registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD42023422034<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Asymptomatic patients with elevated Lp(a) had 31% higher chances of having any coronary calcification (CAC &amp;gt; 0) and 29% higher chances of having more advanced calcification (CAC &amp;gt; 100). It increased the chances of having progression of coronary calcification over time by 43%. For each 1\u2005mg\/dL of Lp(a) there was an increment of 1% chance of having coronary calcification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwae043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T15:45:09Z","timestamp":1706629509000},"page":"732-741","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["The association of lipoprotein(a) and coronary artery calcium in asymptomatic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9370-8722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe Villa","family":"Martignoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nolan Family Center for Cardiovascular Health, Minneapolis Heart Institute , 920 East 28th Street, Minneapolis, MN 55407 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Eduardo","family":"RL 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Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Petr\u00f3polis Medical School , Petr\u00f3polis , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabele A","family":"Miyawaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Federal University of Paran\u00e1 , Curitiba , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroliny H","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Natal , Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Augusto Barreto","family":"do Amaral Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Central Montana Medical Center , Lewistown , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo M H","family":"Padr\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and 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