{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:19:34Z","timestamp":1787008774766,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Commission, Framework Program","award":["EU 602405-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EU 602405-2"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010447","name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010447","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004807","name":"DFG","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018930","name":"TUM International Graduate School of Science and Engineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018930","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exercise training (ET) is an effective therapy in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), but the influence of different ET characteristics is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the associations between ET frequency, duration, intensity [% heart rate reserve (%HRR)] and estimated energy expenditure (EEE) with the change in peak oxygen consumption (V\u0307O2) over 3 months of moderate continuous training (MCT, 5\u00d7\/week) or high-intensity interval training (HIIT, 3\u00d7\/week) in HFpEF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ET duration and heart rate (HR) were recorded with a smartphone application. EEE was calculated using the HR data during ET and the individual HR-V\u0307O2 relationships during cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Differences between groups and associations between ET characteristics and peak V\u0307O2 change were assessed with linear regression analyses. Peak V\u0307O2 improved by 9.2 \u00b1 13.2% after MCT and 8.7 \u00b1 15.9% after HIIT (P = 0.67). The average EEE of 1 HIIT session was equivalent to \u223c1.42 MCT sessions and when adjusted for EEE, the mean difference between MCT and HIIT was \u20130.1% (P = 0.98). For both MCT and HIIT, peak V\u0307O2 change was positively associated with ET frequency (MCT: R2 = 0.103; HIIT: R2 = 0.149) and duration\/week (MCT: R2 = 0.120; HIIT: R2 = 0.125; all P &amp;lt; 0.05). Average %HRR was negatively associated with peak V\u0307O2 change in MCT (R2 = 0.101; P = 0.034), whereas no significant association was found in HIIT (P = 0.234). Multiple regression analyses explained \u223c1\/3 of the variance in peak V\u0307O2 change.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In HFpEF, isocaloric HIIT and MCT seem to be equally effective over 3 months. Within each mode, increasing ET frequency or duration\/week may be more effective to improve peak V\u0307O2 than increasing ET intensity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwae332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,12]],"date-time":"2024-10-12T23:15:49Z","timestamp":1728774949000},"page":"926-936","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Comparison of exercise training modalities and change in peak oxygen consumption in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a secondary analysis of the OptimEx-Clin trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4890-3981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan","family":"Mueller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Health, Department for Preventive Sports Medicine and Sports Cardiology, TUM University Hospital , Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance , Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Kabelac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Health, Department for Preventive Sports Medicine and Sports Cardiology, TUM University Hospital , Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Fegers-Wustrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Health, Department for Preventive Sports Medicine and Sports Cardiology, TUM University Hospital , Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance , Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ephraim B","family":"Winzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Heart Centre Dresden, University Hospital, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden , Fetscherstr. 76, 01307 Dresden ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas B","family":"Gevaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR Department, University of Antwerp , Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA) , Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Beckers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Antwerp , Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Haller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Health, Institute of AI and Informatics in Medicine, TUM University Hospital , Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Edelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charit\u00e9, Campus Virchow Klinikum , Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Charit\u00e9-Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin , Charit\u00e9platz 1, 10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin , Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey W","family":"Christle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Health, Department for Preventive Sports Medicine and Sports Cardiology, TUM University Hospital , Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University , 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305-5406 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark J","family":"Haykowsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta , 11405 87 Ave NW, Edmonton ,","place":["Canada AB T6G 2V2"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vandana","family":"Sachdev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute , 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalane W","family":"Kitzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Section on Geriatrics and Gerontology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine , 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1045 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Linke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Heart Centre Dresden, University Hospital, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden , Fetscherstr. 76, 01307 Dresden ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Heart Centre Dresden, University Hospital, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden , Fetscherstr. 76, 01307 Dresden ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrik","family":"Wisloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Cardiac Exercise Research Group at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Postboks 8900, 7491 Trondheim ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"School of Human Movement and Nutrition Science, University of Queensland , St. Lucia QLD 4067 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Burkert","family":"Pieske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, 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