{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T03:40:55Z","timestamp":1792899655968,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels are known to be mainly genetically determined. However, only scarce data are available on the intra-individual variability of Lp(a) levels across time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included adult patients (\u226518 years old) who had baseline and follow-up Lp(a) measurements (between 1997 and 2024) with a minimum of 1 year apart. Patients were categorized into three groups as follows: normal (&amp;lt;30\u2005mg\/dL), borderline (30 to 50\u2005mg\/dL), and high Lp(a) (\u226550\u2005mg\/dL). Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to assess the predictors of the intra-individual changes in Lp(a) \u2265 10\u2005mg\/dL. A total of 11 669 individuals (median age: 54 years, 60% males) were included in our analysis, with median time between measurements of 4.5 years [interquartile range (IQR): 2.2, 10.6]. The median Lp(a) was 16\u2005mg\/dL (IQR: 7, 52) at baseline, compared with 15\u2005mg\/dL (IQR: 7, 52) at follow-up. At follow-up, 96.4% of individuals with normal Lp(a) and 89.9% with high Lp(a) remained in their categories, while 51.2% with borderline Lp(a) changed their category. Of the included population, 24.9% had an intra-individual Lp(a) change \u2265 10\u2005mg\/dL. Female sex (P &amp;lt; 0.001), history of ASCVD (P = 0.003), statin therapy (P = 0.003), and elevated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels \u2265 100\u2005mg\/dL (P &amp;lt; 0.001) were significantly associated with higher odds of intra-individual Lp(a) changes \u2265 10\u2005mg\/dL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lipoprotein(a) levels were generally stable over time; however, patients with borderline levels may require more than one Lp(a) measurement, especially if they are females, have a history of ASCVD, have elevated LDL-C levels, or are on statin therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwae341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T07:22:14Z","timestamp":1729668134000},"page":"716-721","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Intra-individual variability in lipoprotein(a) levels: findings from a large academic health system population"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Kamal","family":"Awad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Phoenix, AZ ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9729-9961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed K","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Phoenix, AZ ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Tiseer","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Phoenix, AZ ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8750-7880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Said","family":"Alsidawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Phoenix, AZ ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chadi","family":"Ayoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Phoenix, AZ ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7081-4286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reza","family":"Arsanjani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Phoenix, AZ ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan M","family":"Farina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Phoenix, AZ ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025071405522398200_zwae341-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-023-00947-2","article-title":"Lipoprotein(a), platelet function and cardiovascular disease","volume":"21","author":"Bhatia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"2025071405522398200_zwae341-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwae007","article-title":"Impact of elevated lipoprotein(a) on coronary artery disease phenotype and severity","volume":"31","author":"Leistner","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2025071405522398200_zwae341-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3925","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac361","article-title":"Lipoprotein(a) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and aortic stenosis: a European Atherosclerosis Society consensus statement","volume":"43","author":"Kronenberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2025071405522398200_zwae341-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwab167","article-title":"Finding very high lipoprotein(a): the need for routine assessment","volume":"29","author":"Nurmohamed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2025071405522398200_zwae341-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-018-0870-1","article-title":"Effect of ezetimibe monotherapy on plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"78","author":"Awad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"2025071405522398200_zwae341-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2024.03.001","article-title":"A focused update to the 2019 NLA scientific statement on use of lipoprotein(a) in clinical practice","volume":"18","author":"Koschinsky","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"key":"2025071405522398200_zwae341-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(95)06070-T","article-title":"Whether, to what degree, and why lipoprotein(a) levels change over time","volume":"238","author":"Glueck","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"2025071405522398200_zwae341-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.11.055","article-title":"Repeat measures of lipoprotein(a) molar concentration and cardiovascular risk","volume":"79","author":"Trinder","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2025071405522398200_zwae341-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.1023","article-title":"Sex differences of lipoprotein(a) levels and associated risk of morbidity and mortality by age: the Copenhagen general population study","volume":"355","author":"Simony","year":"2022","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2025071405522398200_zwae341-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz310","article-title":"Statin therapy increases lipoprotein(a) levels","volume":"41","author":"Tsimikas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2025071405522398200_zwae341-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e026762","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.122.026762","article-title":"Temporal trends in lipoprotein(a) concentrations: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study","volume":"11","author":"Deshotels","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Preventive Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwae341\/60251188\/zwae341.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/article-pdf\/32\/9\/716\/60251188\/zwae341.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/article-pdf\/32\/9\/716\/60251188\/zwae341.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T09:52:29Z","timestamp":1752486749000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/article\/32\/9\/716\/7840282"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwae341","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-4873","2047-4881"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-4873","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-4881","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]}}}