{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:34:13Z","timestamp":1791488053294,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20H03907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20H03907"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21H03159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21H03159"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21K08123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K08123"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sodium\u2013glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have proved kidney-protective. Given that the SGLT2 inhibitors lower blood pressure (BP), the magnitude of their kidney benefits may vary depending on an individual\u2019s BP. Therefore, we investigated whether baseline BP modifies the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on kidney function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included individuals with SGLT2 inhibitors or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors newly prescribed for type 2 diabetes using a nationwide epidemiological cohort and performed propensity score matching (1:2). The primary outcome was the annual estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline. We further investigated the interaction effect of systolic BP (SBP) at the time of prescription using a 3-knot restricted cubic spline model. We analysed 2148 individuals with SGLT2 inhibitor prescriptions and 4296 matched individuals with DPP4 inhibitor prescriptions. Overall, the annual eGFR decline was less pronounced in the SGLT2 inhibitor group than in the DPP4 inhibitor group (\u22121.32\u2005mL\/min\/1.73\u2005m2 vs. \u22121.50\u2005mL\/min\/1.73\u2005m2). The treatment effect of SGLT2 inhibitors over DPP4 inhibitors was augmented with higher SBP (P for interaction = 0.0199). Further, after adjusting the definition of outcomes to a 30 or 40% reduction in eGFR, the advantages of SGLT2 inhibitors persisted, with a trend of augmented effect with higher SBP. Notably, annual eGFR decline was exacerbated for females presented with lower SBP when treated with SGLT2 inhibitors compared with DPP4 inhibitors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This nationwide cohort analysis demonstrated that the kidney-protective effect of SGLT2 inhibitors could be modified by baseline SBP, highlighting the importance of patient selection by assessing their BP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaf156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T00:13:51Z","timestamp":1742170431000},"page":"91-98","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on kidney outcomes of individuals with type 2 diabetes according to blood pressure levels"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3757-3959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiro","family":"Jimba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2553-6170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hidehiro","family":"Kaneko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Advanced Cardiology, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuta","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prevention of Diabetes and Lifestyle-related Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuhiko","family":"Azegami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsuhito","family":"Fujiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Advanced Cardiology, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norifumi","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaori","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Yokoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2534-0939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koichi","family":"Node","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University , Saga ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0714-7182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Issei","family":"Komuro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655 ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Frontier Cardiovascular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"International University of Health and Welfare , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Yasunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 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