{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:19:34Z","timestamp":1787008774791,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012264","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23 HL136902"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23 HL136902"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012264","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100023029","name":"Fulbright","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100023029","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is often used when athletes present with suspected hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). While low peak oxygen consumption (pV\u02d9O2) augments concern for HCM, athletes with HCM frequently display supranormal pV\u02d9O2, which limits this parameter\u2019s diagnostic utility. We aimed to compare other CPET parameters in healthy athletes and equally fit individuals with HCM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using cycle ergometer CPETs from a single centre, we compared ventilatory efficiency and recovery kinetics between individuals with HCM [percent predicted pV\u02d9O2(ppV\u02d9O2) &amp;gt; 80%, non-obstructive, no nodal agents] and healthy athletes, matched (2:1 ratio) for age, sex, height, weight and ppV\u02d9O2. Consistent with matching, HCM (n = 30, 43.6 \u00b1 14.2 years) and athlete (n = 60, 43.8 \u00b1 14.9 years) groups had similar, supranormal pV\u02d9O2 (39.5 \u00b1 9.1 vs. 41.1 \u00b1 9.1\u2005mL\/kg\/min, 125 \u00b1 26 vs. 124 \u00b1 25% predicted). Recovery kinetics were also similar. However, HCM participants had worse ventilatory efficiency, including higher early V\u02d9E\/V\u02d9CO2 slope (25.4 \u00b1 4.7 vs. 23.4 \u00b1 3.1, P = 0.02), higher V\u02d9E\/V\u02d9CO2 nadir (27.3 \u00b1 4.0 vs. 25.2 \u00b1 2.6, P = 0.004) and lower end-tidal CO2 at the ventilatory threshold (42.9 \u00b1 6.4 vs. 45.7 \u00b1 4.8\u2005mmHg, P = 0.02). HCM participants were more likely to have abnormally high V\u02d9E\/V\u02d9CO2 nadir (&amp;gt;30) than athletes (20 vs. 3%, P = 0.02).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Even in the setting of similar and supranormal pV\u02d9O2, ventilatory efficiency is worse in HCM participants vs. healthy athletes. Our results demonstrate the utility of CPET beyond pV\u02d9O2 assessment in \u2018grey zone\u2019 athlete cases in which the diagnosis of HCM is being debated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaf177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T19:53:19Z","timestamp":1746042799000},"page":"1112-1119","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters in healthy athletes vs. equally fit individuals with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Cliodhna","family":"McHugh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital , 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey 5B, Boston, MA 02114 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Dicipline of Physiotherapy, Trinity College Dublin School of Medicine , Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James\u2019s Hospital, St James\u2019s Street, Dublin 8 ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah K","family":"Gustus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital , 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey 5B, Boston, MA 02114 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley J","family":"Petek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Cardiology Program, Oregon Health and Science University Knight Cardiovascular Institute , 303 S. Bond Avenue, Portland, OR 97239 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark W","family":"Schoenike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Family Medicine Department, John F. Kennedy University Medical Center , 65 James St, Edison, NJ 08820 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin S","family":"Boyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital , 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey 5B, Boston, MA 02114 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasmine B","family":"Kennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital , 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey 5B, Boston, MA 02114 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn","family":"VanAtta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital , 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey 5B, Boston, MA 02114 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albree F","family":"Tower-Rader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital , 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey 5B, Boston, MA 02114 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A","family":"Fifer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital , 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey 5B, Boston, MA 02114 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo F","family":"DiCarli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital , 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital , 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 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