{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T14:58:11Z","timestamp":1791471491302,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a previous study, the ability to sit and rise from the floor was associated with all-cause mortality. Now, we aim to assess whether sitting\u2013rising test (SRT) scores also predict premature natural and cardiovascular (CV) deaths. This is a prospective cohort design study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 4282 adults aged 46\u201375 years (68% men) performed sitting and rising from the floor, which was scored from 0 to 5, with one point being subtracted from 5 for each support used (hand\/knee) and 0.5 for an unsteadiness execution. The final SRT score was obtained by adding sitting and rising scores and stratified in five groups for analysis: 0\u20134, 4.5\u20137.5, 8, 8.5\u20139.5, and 10. During a median follow-up of 12.3 (interquartile range = 7.6\u201318.0) years, there were 665 deaths (15.5%). There was a continuous trend for higher mortality with low SRT scores (P &amp;lt; 0.001), with death rates of 3.7, 7.0, 11.1, 20.4, and 42.1%, respectively, for Groups 5 to 1 of SRT scores. The Cox multivariate-adjusted (age, sex, body mass index, and clinical variables) hazard ratios of 3.84 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.25\u20136.97] and 6.05 (95% CI 2.29\u201320.94) (P &amp;lt; 0.001) were observed, respectively, for natural and CV mortality, when comparing the highest and lowest SRT score groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Non-aerobic physical fitness, as assessed by SRT, was a significant predictor of natural and CV mortality in 46\u201375-year-old participants. Application of the SRT, a simple assessment tool that is influenced by muscular strength\/power, flexibility, balance, and body composition, could add relevant clinical and prognostic information to routine examinations of healthy and unhealthy individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaf325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T07:21:22Z","timestamp":1748848882000},"page":"2170-2178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Sitting\u2013rising test scores predict natural and cardiovascular causes of deaths in middle-aged and older men and women"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6679-6695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio Gil S","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Exercise Medicine Clinic\u2014CLINIMEX, Rua Siqueira Campos , 93\/101-103, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22031071 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0758-5174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina G","family":"de Souza e Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Exercise Medicine Clinic\u2014CLINIMEX, Rua Siqueira Campos , 93\/101-103, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22031071 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2592-136X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, VA Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford University , Palo Alto ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3738-1586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jari A","family":"Laukkanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Wellbeing Services County of Central Finland , Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4035-3890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pl\u00ednio Santos","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical and Health Sciences, SUPREMA , Juiz de Fora ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2456-1470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Djalma Rabelo","family":"Ricardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical and Health Sciences, SUPREMA , Juiz de Fora ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B1","volume-title":"ACSM's Health-Related Physical Fitness Assessment","author":"ACSM","year":"2017","edition":"5th ed"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B2","first-page":"36","article-title":"Componentes aer\u00f3bico e n\u00e3o-aer\u00f3bicos da aptid\u00e3o f\u00edsica: fatores de risco para mortalidade por todas as causas","volume":"35","author":"Ara\u00fajo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Revista Factores Risco"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.36660\/abc.20200407","article-title":"Brazilian cardiovascular rehabilitation guideline\u20142020","volume":"114","author":"Carvalho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14708","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14708","article-title":"Reduced body flexibility is associated with poor survival in middle-aged men and women: a prospective cohort study","volume":"34","author":"Araujo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2021-105360","article-title":"Successful 10-second one-legged stance performance predicts survival in middle-aged and older individuals","volume":"56","author":"Araujo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-023-01388-0","article-title":"Waist to height ratio as a simple tool for predicting mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Abdi Dezfouli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2020.1748220","article-title":"Handgrip strength is inversely associated with fatal cardiovascular and all-cause mortality events","volume":"52","author":"Laukkanen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2025.02.015","article-title":"Muscle power outperforms strength as predictor of mortality in middle-aged and older men and women","volume":"100","author":"Araujo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proceed"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e328","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001289","article-title":"Core components of cardiac rehabilitation programs: 2024 update: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association and the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation","volume":"150","author":"Brown","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwab007","article-title":"Exercise intensity assessment and prescription in cardiovascular rehabilitation and beyond: why and how: a position statement from the Secondary Prevention and Rehabilitation Section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology","volume":"29","author":"Hansen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487320913379","article-title":"Secondary prevention through comprehensive cardiovascular rehabilitation: from knowledge to implementation. 2020 update. A position paper from the Secondary Prevention and Rehabilitation Section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology","volume":"28","author":"Ambrosetti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2023-107849","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong and consistent predictor of morbidity and mortality among adults: an overview of meta-analyses representing over 20.9 million observations from 199 unique cohort studies","volume":"58","author":"Lang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.23736\/S0022-4707.23.15237-6","article-title":"Flexibility exercises are often recommended but flexibility is rarely evaluated: a misconnection","volume":"63","author":"Araujo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fitness"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-86921999000500004","article-title":"Sitting-rising test: introduction of a new procedure for evaluation in exercise and sports medicine","volume":"5","author":"Ara\u00fajo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev Bras Med Esporte"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B15","first-page":"9","article-title":"Sitting-rising test: reliability studies","volume":"8","author":"Lira","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev Bras Ci\u00ean e Mov"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487312471759","article-title":"Ability to sit and rise from the floor as a predictor of all-cause mortality","volume":"21","author":"Brito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487319847004","article-title":"Sitting-rising test: sex- and age-reference scores derived from 6141 adults","volume":"27","author":"Araujo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487314520784","article-title":"Exercise heart rate gradient: a novel index to predict all-cause mortality","volume":"22","author":"Duarte","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e3182744203","article-title":"Does flexibility influence the ability to sit and rise from the floor?","volume":"92","author":"Brito","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0000000000000623","article-title":"Women have lower mortality than men after attending a long-term medically supervised exercise program","volume":"42","author":"de Souza","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B21","first-page":"21","article-title":"Cognitive development and non-aerobic physical fitness in preschoolers: a longitudinal study","volume":"26","author":"Aguiar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lecturas: Educaci\u00f3n F\u00edsica y Deportes"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-86922001000200001","article-title":"Sitting-rising test: influence of excess body weight in adults","volume":"7","author":"Ricardo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rev Bras Med Esporte"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2020.03.012","article-title":"Validity and responsiveness of floor sitting-rising test in post-total knee arthroplasty: a cohort study","volume":"101","author":"Alomar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3181","DOI":"10.16965\/ijpr.2019.148","article-title":"Study of the relationship between fear of falling and ability to sit on and rise from the floor in elderly populations","volume":"7","author":"Samant","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Physiother Res"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2021.01.079","article-title":"Reproducibility and convergent validity of the sitting-rising test in people with multiple sclerosis","volume":"102","author":"Greenberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393332","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2024.1393332","article-title":"Factors associated with lower quarter performance-based balance and strength tests: a cross-sectional analysis from the project baseline health study","volume":"6","author":"Taylor","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Sports Act Living"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.28.1701","article-title":"The sitting and rising test for assessing people with chronic stroke","volume":"28","author":"Ng","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaf102","article-title":"Added predictive value of childhood physical fitness to traditional risk factors for adult cardiovascular disease","volume":"33","author":"Fraser","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwae225","article-title":"Comparisons of percent-predicted peak oxygen uptake achieved on cardiopulmonary exercise testing: stratifying mortality risk by Wasserman, FRIEND, and Brazilian equations","volume":"31","author":"Braga","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e188341","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.8341","article-title":"Association between push-up exercise capacity and future cardiovascular events among active adult men","volume":"2","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-021-00608-1","article-title":"Is functional fitness performance a useful predictor of risk of falls among community-dwelling older adults?","volume":"79","author":"Ho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Public Health"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2019-0246","article-title":"Bend don't break: stretching improves scores on a battery of fall assessment tools in older adults","volume":"30","author":"Johnson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Sport Rehabil"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10101963","article-title":"The effects of 24 weeks of non-face-to-face home exercise on body composition, physical fitness, cardiovascular function, and blood profiles in Pre-metabolic syndrome Korean adults: a pilot study","volume":"10","author":"Ryu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.4111\/kju.2014.55.11.710","article-title":"Men's health index: a pragmatic approach to stratifying and optimizing men's health","volume":"55","author":"Tan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Korean J Urol"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B35","first-page":"1310","article-title":"Age-related decline in handgrip strength differs according to gender","volume":"21","author":"Vianna","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B36","first-page":"209","article-title":"Muscle matters: bridging the gap between terminology of age-related muscle loss and exercise interventions","volume":"33","author":"Araujo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Aging Phys Act"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2022.155348","article-title":"Revisiting skeletal myopathy and exercise training in heart failure: emerging role of myokines","volume":"138","author":"Ramirez-Velez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e019370","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-019370","article-title":"Association of body flexibility and carotid atherosclerosis in Japanese middle-aged men: a cross-sectional study","volume":"8","author":"Suwa","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2023.12.021","article-title":"Diagnostic and predictive abilities of myokines in patients with heart failure","volume":"142","author":"Berezin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Protein Chem Struct Biol"},{"key":"2026090719592545800_zwaf325-B40","first-page":"410","article-title":"Sexual activity and heart patients: a contemporary perspective","volume":"32","author":"Stein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Preventive Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaf325\/63494678\/zwaf325.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/article-pdf\/33\/12\/2170\/63494678\/zwaf325.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/article-pdf\/33\/12\/2170\/63494678\/zwaf325.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T23:59:40Z","timestamp":1788825580000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/article\/33\/12\/2170\/8163161"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaf325","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-4873","2047-4881"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-4873","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-4881","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]}}}