{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T05:31:51Z","timestamp":1778909511398,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiovascular (CV) outcome data after endovascular renal denervation (RDN) are sparse. Capillary density determines total peripheral resistance and thus blood pressure. Microvascular changes of the retinal vessels are a marker of hypertension-mediated organ damage. We report data on capillary density 6 and 12 months after RDN.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endovascular RDN was performed in 132 patients with uncontrolled hypertension confirmed by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP). Office and 24-h ABP were measured at baseline and 6 and 12 months after RDN. In parallel, retinal capillary density was measured by scanning laser Doppler flowmetry (Heidelberg Retina Flowmeter, Heidelberg Engineering, Germany). This technique uses the retinal microvasculature as a mirror of the microvasculature in the systemic circulation. The 24-h ABP was reduced from 151\/88\u2005mmHg to 143\/84\u2005mmHg (6 months after RDN) and to 142\/82\u2005mmHg (12 months after RDN) (all P &amp;lt; 0.001). Retinal capillary density was improved both 6 and 12 months after RDN, as evidenced by an increase in CapA [1691 \u00b1 805 \u00b5m2 at baseline vs. 1853 \u00b1 948 \u00b5m2 6 months after RDN, P = 0.021 and 1967 \u00b1 980 \u00b5m2 12 months after RDN, P = 0.034, (P = 0.097 for change between 6 and 12 months)].<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with arterial hypertension, blood pressure reduction by RDN increased retinal capillary density both 6 and 12 months after the procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaf387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T07:52:46Z","timestamp":1750924366000},"page":"1248-1255","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Renal denervation increases capillary density in hypertensive patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6952-4660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnes","family":"Bosch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) , Ulmenweg 18, Erlangen 91054 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna M","family":"Harazny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) , Ulmenweg 18, Erlangen 91054 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Warmia and Mazury , Olsztyn ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) , Erlangen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Kannenkeril","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) , Ulmenweg 18, Erlangen 91054 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Karg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) , Ulmenweg 18, Erlangen 91054 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Venera","family":"Bytyqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) , Ulmenweg 18, Erlangen 91054 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) , Erlangen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) , Ulmenweg 18, Erlangen 91054 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Schiffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) , Ulmenweg 18, Erlangen 91054 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Uder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) , Erlangen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roland E","family":"Schmieder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) , Ulmenweg 18, Erlangen 91054 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3912","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae178","article-title":"2024 ESC guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension","volume":"45","author":"McEvoy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000003480","article-title":"2023 ESH guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension the task force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European society of hypertension: endorsed by the international society of hypertension (ISH) and the European renal association (ERA)","volume":"41","author":"Mancia","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01225-8","article-title":"Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"387","author":"Ettehad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.069709","article-title":"Effects of catheter-based renal denervation in hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"150","author":"Vukadinovic","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.11.034","article-title":"Renal sympathetic denervation reduces left ventricular hypertrophy and improves cardiac function in patients with resistant hypertension","volume":"59","author":"Brandt","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.03.017","article-title":"Improvement of albuminuria after renal denervation","volume":"173","author":"Ott","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.08.802","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk reduction after renal denervation according to time in therapeutic systolic blood pressure range","volume":"80","author":"Mahfoud","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.38.2.238","article-title":"Impaired skin capillary recruitment in essential hypertension is caused by both functional and structural capillary rarefaction","volume":"38","author":"Serne","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hypertension (Dallas, Tex: 1979)"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.34.4.655","article-title":"Rarefaction of skin capillaries in borderline essential hypertension suggests an early structural abnormality","volume":"34","author":"Antonios","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hypertension (Dallas, Tex: 1979)"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01713011","article-title":"Capillary rarefaction characteristic of the skeletal muscle of hypertensive patients","volume":"66","author":"Henrich","year":"1988","journal-title":"Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa025050","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction and prognosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"349","author":"Cecchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.647149","article-title":"Prognostic impact of microvasculopathy on survival after heart transplantation: evidence from 9713 endomyocardial biopsies","volume":"116","author":"Hiemann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e024226","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.024226","article-title":"Relationship of quantitative retinal capillary network and myocardial remodeling in systemic hypertension","volume":"11","author":"Chua","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-017-0732-x","article-title":"Retinal capillary rarefaction in patients with untreated mild-moderate hypertension","volume":"17","author":"Bosch","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.12851","article-title":"Improvement in retinal capillary rarefaction after valsartan treatment in hypertensive patients","volume":"18","author":"Jumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0162608","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0162608","article-title":"Retinal capillary rarefaction in patients with type 2 diabetes Mellitus","volume":"11","author":"Jumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"sfad237","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfad237","article-title":"Blood pressure reduction after renal denervation in patients with or without chronic kidney disease","volume":"17","author":"Gunes-Altan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328343c27a","article-title":"New software analyses increase the reliability of measurements of retinal arterioles morphology by scanning laser Doppler flowmetry in humans","volume":"29","author":"Harazny","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.133025","article-title":"Wall-to-lumen ratio of retinal arterioles as a tool to assess vascular changes","volume":"54","author":"Ritt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hypertension (Dallas, Tex: 1979)"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2246","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000308","article-title":"First experience in analysing pulsatile retinal capillary flow and arteriolar structural parameters measured noninvasively in hypertensive patients","volume":"32","author":"Harazny","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.82.11.1294","article-title":"Automatic full field analysis of perfusion images gained by scanning laser Doppler flowmetry","volume":"82","author":"Michelson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31082-1","article-title":"Endovascular ultrasound renal denervation to treat hypertension (RADIANCE-HTN SOLO): a multicentre, international, single-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial","volume":"391","author":"Azizi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2019.10.048","article-title":"Alcohol-mediated renal denervation using the peregrine system infusion catheter for treatment of hypertension","volume":"13","author":"Mahfoud","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2160","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32281-X","article-title":"Catheter-based renal denervation in patients with uncontrolled hypertension in the absence of antihypertensive medications (SPYRAL HTN-OFF MED): a randomised, sham-controlled, proof-of-concept trial","volume":"390","author":"Townsend","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfac189","article-title":"Renal denervation in patients with chronic kidney disease: current evidence and future perspectives","volume":"38","author":"Schmieder","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.12250","article-title":"Sustained decrease in blood pressure and reduced anatomical and functional reinnervation of renal nerves in hypertensive sheep 30 months after catheter-based renal denervation","volume":"73","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hypertension (Dallas, Tex: 1979)"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000003236","article-title":"Histological evidence supporting the durability of successful radiofrequency renal denervation in a normotensive porcine model","volume":"40","author":"Sharp","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-50816-8","article-title":"Renal denervation restores biomechanics of carotid arteries in a rat model of hypertension","volume":"14","author":"Gkousioudi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B29","author":"Mahfoud"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"LB.02.04","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000523103.31019.41","article-title":"Effects of renal denervation in patients with versus without chronic kidney disease: results from the GLOBAL SYMPLICITY REGISTRY with follow-up data of 3 years","volume":"35","author":"Ott","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00455-X","article-title":"Long-term efficacy and safety of renal denervation in the presence of antihypertensive drugs (SPYRAL HTN-ON MED): a randomised, sham-controlled trial","volume":"399","author":"Mahfoud","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B32","first-page":"1","article-title":"Long-term effects of renal artery denervation","volume":"57","author":"Juknevicius","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.20853","article-title":"Catheter-based renal denervation: 9-year follow-up data on safety and blood pressure reduction in patients with resistant hypertension","volume":"80","author":"Sesa-Ashton","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hypertension (Dallas, Tex: 1979)"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.11.038","article-title":"10-Year outcomes of catheter-based renal denervation in patients with resistant hypertension","volume":"81","author":"Al Ghorani","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200502000-00002","article-title":"Small artery structure and hypertension: adaptive changes and target organ damage","volume":"23","author":"Izzard","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200303000-00030","article-title":"Relationships between coronary flow vasodilator capacity and small artery remodelling in hypertensive patients","volume":"21","author":"Rizzoni","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2230","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000095031.51492.C5","article-title":"Prognostic significance of small-artery structure in hypertension","volume":"108","author":"Rizzoni","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e306","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0001022684.02217.1e","article-title":"Correlation between retinal microcirculation, echocardiographic parameters and myocardial coronary flow reserve","volume":"42","author":"Agabiti-Rosei","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B39","first-page":"1","article-title":"Arterial hypertension and the hidden disease of the eye: diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies","volume":"15","author":"Del Pinto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpx032","article-title":"Hemodynamic consequences of changes in microvascular structure","volume":"30","author":"Rizzoni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"2026051513391665800_zwaf387-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2022.101095","article-title":"Retinal vessel diameters and function in cardiovascular risk and disease","volume":"91","author":"Hanssen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Preventive Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaf387\/63607027\/zwaf387.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/article-pdf\/33\/7\/1248\/63607027\/zwaf387.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/article-pdf\/33\/7\/1248\/63607027\/zwaf387.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T17:39:25Z","timestamp":1778866765000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/article\/33\/7\/1248\/8176634"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaf387","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-4873","2047-4881"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-4873","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-4881","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]}}}