{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T07:19:34Z","timestamp":1793085574536,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hypertension and obesity frequently coexist and synergistically increase cardiovascular (CV) risk. Incretin-based therapies with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1-RAs), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)\/GLP1-RAs, and glucagon\/GIP\/GLP-1RAs lead to substantial weight loss. However, their antihypertensive efficacy and safety profile have not been comprehensively quantified. Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of incretin-based therapies on office systolic blood pressure (BP) (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), all-cause mortality, and key safety outcomes, i.e. hypoglycaemia and pancreatitis episodes, in adults with overweight or obesity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrial.gov from inception to 30 April 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing incretin-based therapy with placebo and \u22651 month of follow-up. The primary outcome was change in SBP; secondary outcomes were change in DBP, all-cause mortality, hypoglycaemia, and pancreatitis. Random effects meta-analyses generated mean differences (MDs) or risk ratios (RRs) along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was explored with I2 statistics, subgroup analyses, and meta-regression. Eighty-five RCTs encompassing 90 977 participants (median follow-up time 8 months) met the eligibility criteria. GLP1-RAs reduced SBP by 3.4\u2005mmHg (95% CI 2.8\u20134.0) and DBP by 0.9\u2005mmHg (95% CI 0.5\u20131.2). A higher weight loss was significantly associated with a greater reduction in BP. The most significant BP reduction was associated with dual (SBP 5.1\u2005mmHg; DBP 1.8\u2005mmHg) and triple (SBP 6.6\u2005mmHg; DBP 2.1\u2005mmHg) receptor agonists. All-cause mortality was reduced by 18% (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.76\u20130.90). Incretin-based therapy did not increase the risk of hypoglycaemia (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.83\u20131.33) or pancreatitis (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.61\u20131.15).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incretin-based therapy led to a modest but clinically meaningful BP reduction and lower all-cause mortality in adults with overweight or obesity, without excess in hypoglycaemia or pancreatitis episodes. There was a significant association between weight loss and the reduction in SBP and DBP. Dual and triple agonists exhibited the most pronounced antihypertensive effect. These findings support the use of incretin-based therapies as part of an integrated and multidisciplinary approach to managing obesity and hypertension, with multiple agonists showing particular promise. Our findings also underscore the need for long-term RCTs to clarify weight-independent mechanisms and the durability effect of BP reduction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaf560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T11:50:26Z","timestamp":1756813826000},"page":"1210-1217","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Effect of incretin-based therapies on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4680-3058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Basile","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ANMCO Research Center, Heart Care Foundation , Florence ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm 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