{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:54:30Z","timestamp":1771462470095,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Available data on economic consequences of carrying an inherited familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) genetic variant are sparse. This study aims to explore the hospital and pharmaceutical resource use and costs associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with genetically verified FH compared with age- and sex-matched controls during the period 2010 through 2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 5585 individuals with genetically verified FH from the Norwegian Unit for Cardiac and Cardiovascular Genetics registry and 111 483 age- and sex-matched controls from the general Norwegian population. Resource use and costs associated with CVD were collected from the Norwegian Patient Registry, the Cause of Death Registry, and the Norwegian Prescription Database. We estimated costs in European euros (EUR, \u20ac) based on diagnosis-related group (DRG) cost weights and pharmaceutical drug prices (Norwegian kroner 1 = EUR 0.1015). During 2010\u201319, patients with FH had CVD-related costs of \u20ac3911 per person for hospital care and \u20ac6119 for pharmaceuticals compared with \u20ac1498 and \u20ac514 among controls, respectively. The 10-year costs per person of percutaneous coronary interventions were \u20ac561 for FH and \u20ac140 for controls. The costs of CVD prescription drugs doubled in the FH population during 2010\u201319, largely due to the introduction of proprotein convertase subtilisin\/kexin Type 9 inhibitors. Costs for prescription drugs increased in both the FH and control populations (P = 0.002 for FH and P = 0.005 for controls), while costs decreased for hospital care (P = 0. 0069 for FH and P = 0. 0943 for controls).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Familial hypercholesterolaemia patients had about three times higher CVD-related hospital costs and more than 10 times higher pharmaceutical costs than age- and sex-matched controls during a 10-year follow-up. During the 10 years, costs for pharmaceuticals increased and costs for hospital decreased.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaf592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T11:25:01Z","timestamp":1758540301000},"page":"372-380","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ten-year costs of cardiovascular disease in genetically verified familial hypercholesterolaemia compared with age- and sex-matched controls"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7539-082X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Torbj\u00f8rn","family":"Wisl\u00f8ff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital , Postboks 1000, 1478 L\u00f8renskog ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liv J","family":"Mundal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jannicke","family":"Igland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen , Bergen ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Health and Social Sciences, Institute of Health and Caring Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences , Bergen ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karianne","family":"Svendsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"The Cancer Registry of Norway, Norwegian Institute of Public Health , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin Pr\u00f8ven","family":"Bogsrud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Cardiac and Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivar S\u00f8nb\u00f8","family":"Kristiansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Management and Health Economics, University of Oslo , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Research Unit of General Practice, University of Southern Denmark , J.B. Winsl\u00f8ws Vej 9, Odense 5000 ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1309-7556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kjetil","family":"Retterst\u00f8l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026021723142426300_zwaf592-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2019-316276","article-title":"Familial hypercholesterolaemia: history, diagnosis, screening, management and 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