{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T02:59:43Z","timestamp":1792119583131,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762992000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000860","name":"European Society of Cardiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000860","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010102","name":"National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001316","name":"Abbott","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001316","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008272","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021515","name":"Sanofi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021515","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Viatris"},{"name":"Atherosclerosis Society"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014389","name":"Amarin","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014389","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016405","name":"European Atherosclerosis Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016405","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"INTERASPIRE"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anxiety and depression are associated with poor outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), however their association with achieving recommended cardiovascular prevention standards is unclear. We examined this association across all World Health Organization (WHO) regions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional analysis of the INTERASPIRE study of adults hospitalized in the preceding 6\u201324 months with incident or recurrent CHD who underwent a standardized interview and examination (2020\u20132023) across 14 countries. The main outcome was the INTERASPIRE-Guideline Target Score (GTS); a 10-point assessment of achieving secondary prevention lifestyle, risk factor, and therapeutic targets. A total of 4546 patients (21.1% women) with a mean (SD) age of 60.0 (10.3) were interviewed. Prevalence\u2019s of anxiety and\/or depression were greater in women than men, and prevalence of CHD lifestyle and behavioral risk factors increased alongside severity of anxiety and depression symptoms. Compared to those without symptoms, adjusted odds ratios for achieving a suboptimal INTERASPIRE-GTS were: 1.52 (95% CI 1.13\u20132.04, P = 0.006) for symptoms of depression; 1.57 (95% CI 1.09\u20132.26, P = 0.015) for \u201cpossible\u201d comorbid anxiety and depression; and 2.09 (95% CI 1.22\u20133.57, P = 0.007) for those with \u201cprobable\u201d comorbid anxiety and depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increasing severity of depression and anxiety symptoms are associated with reduced potential for achieving guideline standards for CHD secondary prevention. Secondary prevention programs should integrate risk-stratified management of individuals with symptoms of anxiety and\/or depression to improve CHD guideline targets.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Lay summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined if patients with symptoms of anxiety and\/or depression were more or less likely to achieve guideline standards for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD).Increasing severity of symptoms of anxiety and depression was associated with reduced potential for achieving guideline standards for secondary prevention of CHD.A higher proportion of women with CHD experience more severe levels of anxiety and depression on their own, and combined as a comorbidity.Patients with CHD should be treated holistically, acknowledging the heart and mind connection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaf725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T13:13:10Z","timestamp":1762866790000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Anxiety and depression and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in 14 countries across six WHO regions: the INTERASPIRE study"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1324-2933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chantal F","family":"Ski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast , 79 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9143-1425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catriona S","family":"Jennings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, University of Galway , Galway ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3202-7238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk","family":"De Bacquer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University , Ghent ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0469-9413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kornelia","family":"Kotseva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, University of Galway , Galway ,","place":["Ireland"]},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6530-5479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John William","family":"McEvoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, University of Galway , Galway ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1660-1623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guy","family":"De Backer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University , Ghent ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0083-1256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iris","family":"Erlund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nutrition and Health Research , Helsinki ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7037-660X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Ganly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, University of Galway , Galway ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terhi","family":"Vihervaara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nutrition and Health Research , Helsinki ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7566-1626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory Yoke Hong","family":"Lip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital , Liverpool 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