{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T12:12:18Z","timestamp":1774527138939,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"UCC-SMART"},{"name":"University Medical Centre Utrecht"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Guidelines recommend using the SMART2 model, estimating the risk of recurrent cardiovascular (CV) events, to support treatment decisions in patients with established atherosclerotic CV disease (ASCVD). They further outline that adding biomarkers, comorbidities, anthropometric, and social factors may improve these predictions.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to investigate the added predictive value of guideline-outlined factors including biomarkers, comorbidities, anthropometric, and social factors on top of the SMART2 model using an approach enabling their use as add-on predictors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients aged 40\u201380 with ASCVD were included from 11 cohorts (n = 179 382 with 25 789 recurrent CV events). Additional factors included biomarkers [troponin I, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), albuminuria], comorbidities (heart failure, atrial fibrillation, coronary multivessel disease), anthropometric measurements [body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference], social (employment, education), and other factors (former smoking, parental CV history). Cross-cohort availability of these factors ranged from two cohorts for albuminuria to all cohorts for BMI. These factors were assessed as add-on predictors to the SMART2 model using Fine\u2013Gray models with SMART2 coefficients as offset with recurrent CV events as the primary outcome (non-fatal myocardial infarction or stroke, or CV death). Added predictive value was assessed through cohort cross-validation by change (\u0394) in C-statistic, calibration, and net benefit through decision curve analysis. Subdistribution hazard ratios for additional factors ranged from 0.77 (95% confidence interval 0.75\u20130.80) for employment status to 1.69 (1.63\u20131.76) for heart failure history. \u0394C-statistic was largest for NT-proBNP [0.0127 (0.0060\u20130.0193)] and troponin I [0.0100 (0.0020\u20130.0181)], with statistically significant but smaller \u0394C-statistics for employment, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. Calibration was adequate before and after integration of additional factors. Decision curve analysis demonstrated added net benefit beyond SMART2 for NT-proBNP, heart failure history, atrial fibrillation, albuminuria, current employment, coronary multivessel disease, and education level across clinically relevant thresholds up to 40% predicted risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The flexible add-on of guideline-outlined factors on top of SMART2 enables more personalized and improved estimation of recurrent CV event risk in patients with established ASCVD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwag086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T12:41:04Z","timestamp":1770295264000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Improving 10-year cardiovascular risk prediction in patients with established cardiovascular disease: flexible addition of risk predictors on top of the SMART2 risk score"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7616-3839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joris","family":"Holtrop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Medicine and Endocrinology, University Medical Centre Utrecht , Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht, PO Box 85500 ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8623-7911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mari N","family":"Gynnild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Cardiology, St Olav University Hospital , Trondheim ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU\u2014Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge , Cambridge ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge , Cambridge ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge , Cambridge ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Behaviour, University of Cambridge , Cambridge ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge , Cambridge ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Cambridge Centre of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine , Cambridge, UK"},{"name":"British Heart Foundation Data Science Centre, Health Data Research UK , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0501-9678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carl-Emil","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institutet, Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine , Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0636-6567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitja","family":"L\u00e4\u00e4peri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"L\u00e4\u00e4peri Statistical Consulting , Espoo ,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, and University of Helsinki , Helsinki ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4729-1461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salil V","family":"Deo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Services, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center , Cleveland, OH ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Case School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine , Cleveland, OH ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow , Glasgow ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4000-6298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e5vard","family":"Dalen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Cardiology, St Olav University Hospital , Trondheim ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Stroke, Clinic of Medicine, St Olav University Hospital , Trondheim ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Tr\u00f8ndelag Hospital Trust , Levanger ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3275-8743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institutet, Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine , Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6669-8163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjay","family":"Rajagopalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Chlabicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok , Bia\u0142ystok ,","place":["Poland"]},{"name":"Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok , Bia\u0142ystok ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9465-2581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karol","family":"Kaminski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok , Bia\u0142ystok ,","place":["Poland"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok , Bia\u0142ystok ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Mah\u00edllo-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Health Research Institute-Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz University Hospital, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7897-9808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingvild","family":"Saltvedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU\u2014Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital , Trondheim ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4720-3684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Eudes","family":"Dazard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2887-3722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanne","family":"Ellekj\u00e6r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stroke, Clinic of Medicine, St Olav University Hospital , Trondheim ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU\u2014Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6896-2941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe Gabriel","family":"Steg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Cit\u00e9, FACT, French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials, AP-HP, H\u00f4pital Bichat and INSERM U-1148 , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Tu\u00f1\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Universitary Hospital, Aut\u00f3noma University and CIBERCV , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6452-0369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Torbj\u00f8rn","family":"Omland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital , L\u00f8renskog ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0169-5137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juha","family":"Sinisalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, and University of Helsinki , Helsinki ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6141-2162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Munkhaugen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Trust , Drammen ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1695-379X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomas","family":"Jernberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet Danderyd Hospital , Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0487-7531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepak L","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , NewYork, NY ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7937-304X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge , Cambridge ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge , Cambridge ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge , Cambridge ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Behaviour, University of Cambridge , Cambridge ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge , Cambridge ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Cambridge Centre of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine , Cambridge, UK"},{"name":"British Heart Foundation Data Science Centre, Health Data Research UK , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3951-5223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank L J","family":"Visseren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Medicine and Endocrinology, University Medical Centre Utrecht , Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht, PO Box 85500 ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2299-6745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven H J","family":"Hageman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Medicine and Endocrinology, University Medical Centre Utrecht , Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht, PO Box 85500 ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0190-8526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jannick A N","family":"Dorresteijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Medicine and Endocrinology, University Medical Centre Utrecht , Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht, PO Box 85500 ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwae038","article-title":"Impact of the 2021 European Society for Cardiology prevention guideline\u2019s stepwise approach for cardiovascular risk factor treatment in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","volume":"31","author":"Holtrop","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3227","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab484","article-title":"2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice","volume":"42","author":"Visseren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac056","article-title":"Estimation of recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular event risk in patients with established cardiovascular disease: the updated SMART2 algorithm","volume":"43","author":"Hageman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2024.2401632","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the association of high sensitivity troponin levels with outcomes in patients with stable coronary artery disease","volume":"40","author":"Desai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B5","first-page":"100553","article-title":"NT-proBNP for risk prediction of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality: the getABI-study","volume":"29","author":"Rudolf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.104170","article-title":"Circulating cardiac biomarkers improve risk stratification for incident cardiovascular disease in community dwelling populations","volume":"82","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2016.06.002","article-title":"Cardiac troponin as a novel tool for cardiovascular risk prediction in ambulatory populations","volume":"27","author":"Everett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487312448988","article-title":"Do novel biomarkers add to existing scores of total cardiovascular risk?","volume":"19","author":"de Backer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ehae666-2731","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae666.2731","article-title":"Enhancing primary prevention: the incremental predictive value of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T beyond ASCVD risk assessment","volume":"45","author":"Andraz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i2416","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i2416","article-title":"Prediction models for cardiovascular disease risk in the general population: systematic review","volume":"353","author":"Damen","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwad187","article-title":"Improving 10-year cardiovascular risk prediction in apparently healthy people: flexible addition of risk modifiers on top of SCORE2","volume":"30","author":"Hageman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e066952","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-066952","article-title":"Cohort profile: the Utrecht Cardiovascular Cohort-Second Manifestations of Arterial Disease (UCC-SMART) Study\u2013an ongoing prospective cohort study of patients at high cardiovascular risk in the Netherlands","volume":"13","author":"Castelijns","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys095","article-title":"Cohort Profile: The HUNT Study, Norway","volume":"42","author":"Krokstad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e80","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyac095","article-title":"Cohort Profile Update: The HUNT Study, Norway","volume":"52","author":"Asvold","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-016-0387-z","article-title":"Unfavourable risk factor control after coronary events in routine clinical practice","volume":"17","author":"Sverre","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-018-1198-x","article-title":"The Norwegian Cognitive impairment after stroke study (Nor-COAST): study protocol of a multicentre, prospective cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Thingstad","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2010.198804","article-title":"The Swedish Web-system for enhancement and development of evidence-based care in heart disease evaluated according to recommended therapies (SWEDEHEART)","volume":"96","author":"Jernberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx246","article-title":"Comparison of sociodemographic and health-related characteristics of UK Biobank participants with those of the general population","volume":"186","author":"Fry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr090","article-title":"Cohort Profile: The Corogene study","volume":"41","author":"Vaara","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.2.180","article-title":"International prevalence, recognition, and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors in outpatients with atherothrombosis","volume":"295","author":"Bhatt","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.11.1197","article-title":"One-year cardiovascular event rates in outpatients with atherothrombosis","volume":"297","author":"Steg","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2005.11.004","article-title":"The REduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) Registry: an international, prospective, observational investigation in subjects at risk for atherothrombotic events-study design","volume":"151","author":"Ohman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2439","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab309","article-title":"SCORE2 risk prediction algorithms: new models to estimate 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease in Europe","volume":"42","author":"Hageman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144","article-title":"A proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk","volume":"94","author":"Fine","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1668","article-title":"A breast cancer prediction model incorporating familial and personal risk factors","volume":"23","author":"Tyrer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.035725","article-title":"Integrating information from novel risk factors with calculated risks: the critical impact of risk factor prevalence","volume":"124","author":"Kooter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-019-1466-7","article-title":"Calibration: the Achilles heel of predictive analytics","volume":"17","author":"Van Calster","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6460","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i6460","article-title":"A guide to systematic review and meta-analysis of prediction model performance","volume":"356","author":"Debray","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-020-00636-1","article-title":"Prediction meets causal inference: the role of treatment in clinical prediction models","volume":"35","author":"van Geloven","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41512-019-0064-7","article-title":"A simple, step-by-step guide to interpreting decision curve analysis","volume":"3","author":"Vickers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diagn Progn Res"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.04.089","article-title":"B-type Natriuretic peptides improve cardiovascular disease risk prediction in a cohort of women","volume":"64","author":"Everett","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280214567141","article-title":"Predictive accuracy of novel risk factors and markers: a simulation study of the sensitivity of different performance measures for the Cox proportional hazards regression model","volume":"26","author":"Austin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.13258","article-title":"Evaluation of large-scale proteomics for prediction of cardiovascular events","volume":"330","author":"Helgason","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae885","article-title":"Incident heart failure and recurrent coronary events following acute myocardial infarction","volume":"46","author":"Butler","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.11912","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation and the risk of myocardial infarction","volume":"174","author":"Soliman","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2200250","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00250-2022","article-title":"Developing, validating, updating and judging the impact of prognostic models for respiratory diseases","volume":"60","author":"van Royen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e070468","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-070468","article-title":"Perceptions of conflicting information about long-term medications: a qualitative in-depth interview study of patients with chronic diseases in the Swiss ambulatory care system","volume":"13","author":"Santos","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae002","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease risk communication and prevention: a meta-analysis","volume":"45","author":"Bakhit","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001184","article-title":"Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association","volume":"148","author":"Ndumele","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.173500","article-title":"Carotid intima-media thickness measurements: relations with atherosclerosis, risk of cardiovascular disease and application in randomized controlled trials","volume":"129","author":"Bots","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-024-04300-4","article-title":"Predictive factors for multivessel disease in patients with acute coronary syndrome: analysis from the CCC-ACS project in China","volume":"24","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2025.100997","article-title":"Employment status as a predictor of adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"22","author":"Wilson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487319843079","article-title":"Return to work and associations with psychosocial well-being and health-related quality of life in coronary heart disease patients: results from EUROASPIRE IV","volume":"26","author":"Van de Cauter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487315601078","article-title":"Educational level and risk profile and risk control in patients with coronary heart disease","volume":"23","author":"Bruthans","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032607110130100_zwag086-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e211129","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.1129","article-title":"Association of socioeconomic Status with risk factor target achievements and use of secondary prevention after myocardial infarction","volume":"4","author":"Ohm","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Preventive Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwag086\/66810756\/zwag086.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwag086\/66810756\/zwag086.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T11:11:13Z","timestamp":1774523473000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjpc\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwag086\/8467954"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"references-count":45,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwag086","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-4873","2047-4881"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-4873","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-4881","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"article-number":"zwag086"}}