{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T13:06:03Z","timestamp":1779368763481,"version":"3.53.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan"},{"name":"New Faculty Research Grant from Taipei Medical University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine whether diurnal timing patterns of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) are associated with mortality risk independent of activity volume, and whether these associations differ by chronotype and sleep midpoint.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective cohort study included 75 509 UK Biobank participants (aged 40\u201373 years) with wrist-worn accelerometry and a median follow-up of 8.7 years. Participants not meeting the WHO MVPA guideline (&amp;lt;150\u2005min\/week) were classified as inactive; among guideline-adherent participants, K-means clustering of hourly MVPA distribution identified four active timing patterns (early-morning, consistently active, midday, and evening). Cox proportional hazards models were fitted for all-cause mortality (primary outcome) and cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD mortality; secondary outcomes). In the primary analysis restricted to guideline-adherent participants (reference group: consistently active) and additionally adjusted for total MVPA volume, the midday-active pattern remained associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.65\u20130.97; P = 0.025), whereas associations with cancer and CVD mortality were attenuated and not statistically significant. Fine\u2013Gray competing-risk models produced similar estimates for cause-specific mortality. In secondary analyses comparing active patterns with the inactive group, all active patterns were associated with substantially lower mortality risk, with the midday-active pattern showing the largest risk reductions. Stratified analyses by chronotype and sleep midpoint suggested that associations of timing patterns with mortality were less consistent in evening chronotype and later sleep midpoint strata.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among adults meeting MVPA guidelines, a midday-active pattern was associated with lower all-cause mortality independent of MVPA volume. Secondary comparisons confirm the broad benefit of meeting MVPA guidelines regardless of timing. These findings support considering both activity volume and timing when tailoring physical-activity guidance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwag209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T11:23:49Z","timestamp":1776079429000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Timing of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and mortality risk: role of chronotype and sleep patterns"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4794-1583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting-Fu","family":"Lai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University , No. 250, Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City 110301 ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital , 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49241 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong-Hwan","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Convergence Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine , 49 Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Bio-Convergence, Graduate School of Convergence in Biomedical Science, Pusan National University School of Medicine , 49 Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Convergence Medical Institute of Technology, Pusan National University Hospital , 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49241 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chuan","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University , No. 510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist., New Taipei City 242062 , (R.O.C.)","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Sport Management, National Taiwan University of Sport , No. 16, Sec. 1, Shuangshi Rd., North Dist., Taichung City 404401 , (R.O.C.)","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Ministry of Sports , No. 20, Zhulun Street, Zhongshan District, Taipei City 104703 , (R.O.C.)","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myung-Jun","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital , 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49241 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine , 49 Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital , 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49241 ,","place":["Republic of 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,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine , 49 Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Pusan National University Hospital , 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49241 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae-Il","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital , 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49241 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine , 49 Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Pusan National University Hospital , 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49241 ,","place":["Republic of 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