{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T02:06:46Z","timestamp":1785550006006,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nutritional counselling is a core component of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), yet the evidence base for specific dietary interventions within CR remains fragmented. This scoping review aimed to map the range of nutritional interventions evaluated in adult CR programmes, characterize their reported outcomes, and identify key gaps in current evidence and practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Following the Arksey and O\u2019Malley framework and reporting according to PRISMA-ScR, a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library was conducted from inception to June 2026. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, non-randomized trials, and observational studies evaluating an explicitly described nutritional intervention within a structured CR programme in adults with established cardiovascular disease. Of 2765 identified records, 35 studies met eligibility criteria. Interventions spanned Mediterranean and heart-healthy dietary patterns, calorie-restriction and weight-loss programmes, comprehensive lifestyle interventions, structured nutrition education and counselling, supplementation, functional foods, and individualized diet prescriptions. Across categories, improvements in body weight, central adiposity, and adherence to cardioprotective dietary recommendations were commonly reported, particularly when nutrition was delivered with repeated contact and individualized support. Effects on lipid profiles, inflammatory markers, blood pressure, functional capacity, and clinical outcomes were more variable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nutritional interventions within CR were most consistently associated with improvements in intermediate behavioural, anthropometric, and cardiometabolic outcomes, particularly when structured and reinforced over time. However, heterogeneity in study design, intervention delivery, comparator groups, outcome reporting, and follow-up duration precludes definitive conclusions about comparative efficacy, optimal intervention format, or the magnitude of benefit. Greater standardization, longer follow-up, and further evaluation of personalized nutritional strategies are needed to strengthen the nutritional component of CR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwag375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T11:41:21Z","timestamp":1784374881000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nutritional interventions in cardiac rehabilitation: current evidence, evidence gaps, and future directions\u2014a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Aya","family":"Elalfy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, FL ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8016-9049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Abdelnabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Elmorsy Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, One Brooklyn Health , NY ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4302-5729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hunter","family":"VanDolah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Phoenix, AZ ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6725-7538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rana S","family":"Sayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University , Cairo ,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeyad","family":"Kholeif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Baptist Hospital of SouthEast Texas , Beaumont, TX ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rana","family":"Rashwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, NYC Health + Hospitals\/Lincoln , Bronx, NY ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramzi","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1418-7908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Perone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Rehabilitation Clinic \u2018Villa delle Magnolie\u2019 , Castel Morrone, Caserta ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randal J","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7118-2302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chadi","family":"Ayoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Arsanjani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054 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