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The aim of this study is to determine whether baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) independently associates with incident hypertension over three decades in women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Normotensive Women\u2019s Health Study participants with a baseline hsCRP measurement were followed for incident hypertension for up to 30.9 years. Cause-specific Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios for incident hypertension across hsCRP quintiles and per SD log(hsCRP). Models were adjusted for a minimally sufficient set of covariates derived from a directed acyclic graph, including age, study arm, body mass index (BMI), smoking, exercise, dietary factors, alcohol use, eGFR, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Stratified analyses were performed across categories of age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), and HRT use. Landmark analyses estimated separate hazard ratios for each decade. 14 234 of 20 224 (70%) women developed hypertension during follow-up. Baseline hsCRP was associated with time-to-incident hypertension, with a time-averaged multivariable hazard ratio of 1.33 (95% CI 1.25\u20131.41) comparing the top and bottom quintiles, and 1.10 (95% CI 1.08\u20131.12) per SD log(hsCRP). There was no effect modification by age, SBP, DBP, BMI, or HRT use. In landmark analyses, hsCRP was associated with incident hypertension in the first two decades, but not beyond 20 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single measure of low-grade inflammation independently associated with time-to-incident hypertension over the near- to intermediate-term, with limited prognostic value beyond 20 years. These data suggest that inflammation may be a primordial risk factor for hypertension in women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwag426","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T11:36:11Z","timestamp":1787052971000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Inflammation and the long-term incidence of hypertension in women"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9992-9327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas H","family":"Adamstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Mass General Brigham , 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Cardiovascular Diseases, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School , 900 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M Vinayaga","family":"Moorthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Cardiovascular Diseases, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School , 900 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9705-0842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy R","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Cardiovascular Diseases, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School , 900 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie E","family":"Buring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Cardiovascular Diseases, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School , 900 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9698-9954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Howard D","family":"Sesso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Cardiovascular Diseases, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School , 900 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. 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