{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T13:46:39Z","timestamp":1780667199814,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,21]],"date-time":"2020-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009148","name":"Queen Mary University of London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009148","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Optimum timing of pacemaker implantation following cardiac surgery is a clinical challenge. European and American guidelines recommend observation, to assess recovery of atrioventricular block (AVB) (up to 7 days) and sinus node (5 days to weeks) after cardiac surgery. This study aims to determine rates of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) implants post-surgery at a high-volume tertiary centre over 3 years. Implant timing, patient characteristics and outcomes at 6\u2009months including pacemaker utilization were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>All cardiac operations (n\u2009=\u20095950) were screened for CIED implantation following surgery, during the same admission, from 2015 to 2018. Data collection included patient, operative, and device characteristics; pacing utilization and complications at 6\u2009months. A total of 250 (4.2%) implants occurred; 232 (3.9%) for bradycardia. Advanced age, infective endocarditis, left ventricle systolic impairment, and valve surgery were independent predictors for CIED implants (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001). Relative risk (RR) of CIED implants and proportion of AVB increased with valve numbers operated (single\u2013triple) vs. non-valve surgery: RR 5.4 (95% CI 3.9\u20137.6)\u201321.0 (11.4\u201338.9) CIEDs. Follow-up pacing utilization data were available in 91%. Significant utilization occurred in 82% and underutilization (&amp;lt;1% A and V paced) in 18%. There were no significant differences comparing utilization rates in early (\u2264day 5 post-operatively) vs. late implants (P\u2009=\u20090.55).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Multi-valve surgery has a particularly high incidence of CIED implants (14.9% double, 25.6% triple valve). Age, left ventricle systolic impairment, endocarditis, and valve surgery were independent predictors of CIED implants. Device underutilization was infrequent and uninfluenced by implant timing. Early implantation (\u22645\u2009days) should be considered in AVB post-multi-valve surgery.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euaa241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]],"date-time":"2020-07-22T19:21:54Z","timestamp":1595445714000},"page":"104-112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Post-operative cardiac implantable electronic devices in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a contemporary experience"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6368-8178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter Henry","family":"Waddingham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Research Department, Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew\u2019s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, 1 St Martin\u2019s Le Grand, West Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK"},{"name":"The William Harvey Research Institute, Charterhouse Square Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen 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William Harvey Research Institute, Charterhouse Square Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam J","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Research Department, Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew\u2019s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, 1 St Martin\u2019s Le Grand, West Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK"},{"name":"The William Harvey Research Institute, Charterhouse Square Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ross J","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Research Department, Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew\u2019s Hospital, Barts Health NHS 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UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal","family":"Muthumala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Research Department, Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew\u2019s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, 1 St Martin\u2019s Le Grand, West Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakesh","family":"Uppal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Research Department, Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew\u2019s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, 1 St Martin\u2019s Le Grand, West Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2346-3521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"Rowland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Research Department, Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew\u2019s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, 1 St Martin\u2019s Le Grand, West Smithfield, London 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