{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T16:31:37Z","timestamp":1770827497163,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["(FEDER) DPI2016-75799-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(FEDER) DPI2016-75799-R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although the anatomy of the atrioventricular conduction axis was well described over a century ago, the precise arrangement in the regions surrounding its transition from the atrioventricular node to the so-called bundle of His remain uncertain. We aimed to clarify these relationships.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We have used our various datasets to examine the development and anatomical arrangement of the atrioventricular conduction axis, paying particular attention to the regions surrounding the point of penetration of the bundle of His. It is the areas directly adjacent to the transition of the atrioventricular conduction axis from the atrioventricular node to the non-branching atrioventricular bundle that constitute the para-Hisian areas. The atrioventricular conduction axis itself traverses the membranous part of the ventricular septum as it extends from the node to become the bundle, but the para-Hisian areas themselves are paraseptal. This is because they incorporate the fibrofatty tissues of the inferior pyramidal space and the superior atrioventricular groove. In this initial overarching review, we summarize the developmental and anatomical features of these areas along with the location and landmarks of the atrioventricular conduction axis. We emphasize the relationships between the inferior pyramidal space and the infero-septal recess of the subaortic outflow tract. The details are then explored in greater detail in the additional reviews provided within our miniseries.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our anatomical findings, described here, provide the basis for our concomitant clinical review of the so-called para-Hisian arrhythmias. The findings also provide the basis for understanding the other variants of ventricular pre-excitation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euab292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]],"date-time":"2021-11-09T04:10:23Z","timestamp":1636431023000},"page":"639-649","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Miniseries 2\u2014Septal and paraseptal accessory pathways\u2014Part I: The anatomic basis for the understanding of para-Hisian accessory atrioventricular pathways"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5163-9021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert H","family":"Anderson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damian","family":"Sanchez-Quintana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5803-7135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shumpei","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, UCLA Health System, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9885-3789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diane E","family":"Spicer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hein J J","family":"Wellens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CARIM- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yash","family":"Lokhwandala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Associates, Mumbai, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose-Angel","family":"Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Arritmias, Departamento de Cardiolog\u00eda, Hospital Universitario Quir\u00f3n-Salud, Madrid and Complejo Hospitalario Ruber Juan Bravo, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeronimo","family":"Farre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, Arrhythmia Unit, Institute of Health Sciences Investigations of Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz Foundation, and Madrid Autonomous University, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3249-3711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo Back","family":"Sternick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Unit, Biocor Instituto, Nova Lima, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022040513525867900_euab292-B1","volume-title":"Das Reizleitungssystem Des Saugetierherzens. 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