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The prevalence of pre-frail state and frailty syndrome increases exponentially with advancing age and is associated with greater morbidity, disability, hospitalization, institutionalization, mortality, and health care resource use. Frailty represents a global problem, making early identification, evaluation, and treatment to prevent the cascade of events leading from functional decline to disability and death, one of the challenges of geriatric and general medicine. Cardiac arrhythmias are common in advancing age, chronic illness, and frailty and include a broad spectrum of rhythm and conduction abnormalities. However, no systematic studies or recommendations on the management of arrhythmias are available specifically for the elderly and frail population, and the uptake of many effective antiarrhythmic therapies in these patients remains the slowest. This European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus document focuses on the biology of frailty, common comorbidities, and methods of assessing frailty, in respect to a specific issue of arrhythmias and conduction disease, provide evidence base advice on the management of arrhythmias in patients with frailty syndrome, and identifies knowledge gaps and directions for future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euac123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T11:37:13Z","timestamp":1661341033000},"page":"1249-1276","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":120,"title":["EHRA expert consensus document on the management of arrhythmias in frailty syndrome, endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), Latin America Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS), and Cardiac Arrhythmia Society of Southern Africa (CASSA)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Irina","family":"Savelieva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6950-3875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Fumagalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Geriatric Intensive Care Unit and Geriatric Arrhythmia Unit, University of Florence and AOU Careggi , Florence ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9336-8124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rose Anne","family":"Kenny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mercer\u2019s Institute for Successful Ageing, Department of Medical Gerontology, St 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