{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T22:20:38Z","timestamp":1784931638500,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81870244, 82170318, 81770318"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81870244, 82170318, 81770318"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009592","name":"Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009592","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of real-time visualization and mapping of the right phrenic nerve (RPN) by using intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) during atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>RPN injury is a complication associated with the ablation of AF. Multiple approaches are currently being used to prevent and detect RPN injuries. However, none of these approaches can directly visualize the RPN in real-time during the ablation procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The RPN was detected using ICE. The RPN and its adjacent structures were analysed. The relationship between the RPN\u2019s distance from the superior vena cava (SVC) and its pacing capture threshold was quantified. The safety of SVC isolation guided by the ICE-visualized RPN was evaluated. Thirty-eight people were enrolled in this study. The RPN was visualized by ICE in 92% of patients. It ran through the space between the SVC and the mediastinal pleura and had a \u2018straw\u2019-like appearance upon ICE imaging. The course of the RPN was close to the SVC (minimum 1.0 \u00b1 0.4 mm) and the right superior pulmonary vein (minimum 14.1 \u00b1 7.3 mm). There was a positive linear correlation between the RPN\u2019s capture threshold and its distance from the SVC (Spearman\u2019s correlation coefficient = 0.728, &amp;lt; 0.001). SVC isolation was guided by the RPN; none of the patients developed an RPN injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>RPN can be visualized by ICE in most patients, thus providing a novel approach for the real-time detection of RPN during AF ablation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euad012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T20:09:43Z","timestamp":1677701383000},"page":"1352-1360","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Visualization and mapping of the right phrenic nerve by intracardiac echocardiography during atrial fibrillation ablation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8138-9382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinmeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North China Medical & Health Group XingTai General Hospital , Xingtai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6264-0175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4458-6608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuesi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0516-5480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8874-6955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoxia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronghui","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3106-7318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rong","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Banner\u2014University Medical Center Phoenix, Phoenix , AZ , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5387-5957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changsheng","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanfei","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, 100029 Beijing , China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases , No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang 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Implications for cardiac interventionalists","volume":"16","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Quintana","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2023041606535918500_","first-page":"229","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of segmental radiofrequency ablation for isolation of the superior vena cava in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"49","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi"},{"key":"2023041606535918500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2010.02903.x","article-title":"Sinus node injury as a result of superior vena cava isolation during catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter","volume":"34","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2023041606535918500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytaa312","article-title":"A new method of superior vena cava isolation without phrenic nerve injury by longitudinal ablation parallel to the phrenic nerve: a case report","volume":"4","author":"Arai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Case Rep"}],"container-title":["EP Europace"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/article-pdf\/25\/4\/1352\/49919548\/euad012.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/article-pdf\/25\/4\/1352\/49919548\/euad012.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T19:29:01Z","timestamp":1701718141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/article\/25\/4\/1352\/7066789"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/europace\/euad012","relation":{},"ISSN":["1099-5129","1532-2092"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1099-5129","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2092","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]}}}