{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T20:22:46Z","timestamp":1780604566021,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>While clinical trials have suggested that a high ventricular rate is associated with increased risk of heart failure (HF) and mortality, all-comers studies are warranted.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To assess 1-year risk of new-onset diagnosed HF and all-cause mortality among rate-control treated patients presenting with atrial fibrillation (AF) on an electrocardiogram (ECG) according to ventricular rate.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>ECGs recorded at the Copenhagen General Practitioners Laboratory (2001\u201315) were used to identify patients with AF. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to compare risk of new-onset HF and all-cause mortality after first ECG presenting with AF according to ventricular rate on ECG [&amp;lt;60, 60\u201379, 80\u201399, and 100\u2013110, &amp;gt; 110 beats per minute (bpm)]. We identified 7408 patients in treatment with rate control drugs at time of first ECG presenting with AF [median age 78 years (Q1,Q3 = 70\u201385 years)], 45.8% male, median ventricular rate 83 bpm, (Q1,Q3 = 71\u2013101 bpm)]. During 1-year follow-up, 666 (9.0%) of all patients with AF developed HF and 858 (11.6%) died. Patients with AF ventricular rates 100\u2013110 bpm and &amp;gt;110 bpm had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.46 (CI: 1.10\u20131.95) and 2.41 (CI: 1.94\u20133.00) respectively for new-onset HF, compared with 60\u201379 bpm. Similarly, patients with AF ventricular rates 100\u2013110 bpm and &amp;gt;110 bpm had a HR of 1.44 (CI: 1.13\u20131.82) and 1.34 (CI: 1.08\u20131.65) respectively for all-cause mortality, compared with 60\u201379 bpm.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ventricular rates \u2265100 bpm among patients presenting with AF on ECG in treatment with rate control drugs were associated with greater risk of both new-onset HF and all-cause mortality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euad088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T10:56:24Z","timestamp":1682074584000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and the risk of heart failure and death"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6401-8512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas Malta","family":"Westergaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Rigshospitalet , Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen East , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0455-4409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amna","family":"Alhakak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Rigshospitalet , Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen East , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2242-9380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rasmus","family":"R\u00f8rth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Rigshospitalet , Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen East , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2048-4167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emil L","family":"Fosb\u00f8l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Rigshospitalet , Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen East , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9759-7397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f8ren L","family":"Kristensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Rigshospitalet , Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen East , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8466-8515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesper H","family":"Svendsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Rigshospitalet , Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen East , Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen North , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9650-9781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claus","family":"Graff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University , Fredrik Bajers Vej 7K, 9220 Aalborg East , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6654-2852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas B","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Rigshospitalet , Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen East , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0548-402X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gunnar H","family":"Gislason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Herlev and Gentofte , Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 11, 2730 Herlev , Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen North , Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Research, The Danish Heart Foundation , Vognmagergade 7, 1120 Copenhagen , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6635-1466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"K\u00f8ber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Rigshospitalet , Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen East , Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen North , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2892-6131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Torp-Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014North Zealand , Dyrehavevej 29, 3400 Hiller\u00f8d , Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital , Hobrovej 18-22, 9000 Aalborg , Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen , \u00d8ster Farimagsgade 5, 1353 Copenhagen , 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