{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T10:38:18Z","timestamp":1770719898198,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although the mechanism of an atrial tachycardia (AT) can usually be elucidated using modern high-resolution mapping systems, it would be helpful if the AT mechanism and circuit could be predicted before initiating mapping.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We examined if the information gathered from the cycle length (CL) of the tachycardia can help predict the AT-mechanism and its localization.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>One hundred and thirty-eight activation maps of ATs including eight focal-ATs, 94 macroreentrant-ATs, and 36 localized-ATs in 95 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Maximal CL (MCL) and minimal CL (mCL) over a minute period were measured via a decapolar catheter in the coronary sinus. CL-variation and beat-by-beat CL-alternation were examined. Additionally, the CL-respiration correlation was analysed by the RhythmiaTM system. : Both MCL and mCL were significantly shorter in macroreentrant-ATs [MCL = 288 (253\u2013348) ms, P = 0.0001; mCL = 283 (243\u2013341) ms, P = 0.0012], and also shorter in localized-ATs [MCL = 314 (261\u2013349) ms, P = 0.0016; mCL = 295 (248\u2013340) ms, P = 0.0047] compared to focal-ATs [MCL = 506 (421\u2013555) ms, mCL = 427 (347\u2013508) ms]. An absolute CL-variation (MCL-mCL) &amp;lt; 24\u2005ms significantly differentiated re-entrant ATs from focal-ATs with a sensitivity = 96.9%, specificity = 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) = 100%, and negative predictive value (NPV) = 66.7%. The beat-by-beat CL-alternation was observed in 10\/138 (7.2%), all of which showed the re-entrant mechanism, meaning that beat-by-beat CL-alternation was the strong sign of re-entrant mechanism (PPV = 100%). Although the CL-respiration correlation was observed in 28\/138 (20.3%) of ATs, this was predominantly in right-atrium (RA)-ATs (24\/41, 85.7%), rather than left atrium (LA)-ATs (4\/97, 4.1%). A positive CL-respiration correlation highly predicted RA-ATs (PPV = 85.7%), and negative CL-respiration correlation probably suggested LA-ATs (NPV = 84.5%).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Detailed analysis of the tachycardia CL helps predict the AT-mechanism and the active AT chamber before an initial mapping.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euad195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T00:15:23Z","timestamp":1689034523000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Detailed analysis of tachycardia cycle length aids diagnosis of the mechanism and location of atrial tachycardias"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8473-7514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masateru","family":"Takigawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU) , Av. Magellan, 33600 Pessac , France"},{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, Univ. Bordeaux , Av. du Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque, 33600 Pessac , France"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8510, Tokyo"},{"name":"Department of Advanced Arrhythmia Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8510, Tokyo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3055-7913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsukasa","family":"Kamakura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU) , Av. Magellan, 33600 Pessac , France"},{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, Univ. Bordeaux , Av. du Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque, 33600 Pessac , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7755-3613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU) , Av. Magellan, 33600 Pessac , France"},{"name":"Cardiology Department, Royal Papworth Hospital , Cambridge CB2 0AY , UK"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cambridge University , Cambridge CB2 0QQ , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6189-1308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Derval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU) , Av. Magellan, 33600 Pessac , France"},{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, Univ. Bordeaux , Av. du Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque, 33600 Pessac , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7305-311X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghassen","family":"Cheniti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU) , Av. Magellan, 33600 Pessac , France"},{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, Univ. Bordeaux , Av. du Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque, 33600 Pessac , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4367-1117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josselin","family":"Duchateau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU) , Av. Magellan, 33600 Pessac , France"},{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, Univ. Bordeaux , Av. du Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque, 33600 Pessac , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6763-2350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Pambrun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU) , Av. Magellan, 33600 Pessac , France"},{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, Univ. Bordeaux , Av. du Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque, 33600 Pessac , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4647-8694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederic","family":"Sacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU) , Av. Magellan, 33600 Pessac , France"},{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, Univ. Bordeaux , Av. du Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque, 33600 Pessac , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7772-5331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hubert","family":"Cochet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, Univ. Bordeaux , Av. du Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque, 33600 Pessac , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7957-8766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meleze","family":"Hocini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU) , Av. Magellan, 33600 Pessac , France"},{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, Univ. Bordeaux , Av. du Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque, 33600 Pessac , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miho","family":"Negishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8510, Tokyo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1210-7126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tasuku","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8510, Tokyo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4007-320X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Ikenouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8510, Tokyo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0089-9779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kentaro","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8510, Tokyo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1781-9218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takatoshi","family":"Shigeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8510, Tokyo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0234-390X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuro","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8510, Tokyo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6733-3780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susumu","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8510, Tokyo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0230-0934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinsuke","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8510, Tokyo"},{"name":"Department of Advanced Arrhythmia Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8510, Tokyo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7210-0671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahiko","family":"Goya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU) , Av. Magellan, 33600 Pessac , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3582-6104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Sasano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8510, Tokyo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7644-6146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michel","family":"Haissaguierre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU) , Av. Magellan, 33600 Pessac , France"},{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, Univ. Bordeaux , Av. du Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque, 33600 Pessac , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4700-7811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre","family":"Jais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU) , Av. Magellan, 33600 Pessac , France"},{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modelling Institute, Univ. Bordeaux , Av. du Haut L\u00e9v\u00eaque, 33600 Pessac , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023080419241149100_euad195-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2012.06.007","article-title":"Incidence, characteristics, and outcome of left atrial tachycardias after circumferential antral ablation of atrial fibrillation","volume":"9","author":"Wasmer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2023080419241149100_euad195-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2008.01373.x","article-title":"A deductive mapping strategy for atrial tachycardia following atrial fibrillation ablation: importance of localized reentry","volume":"20","author":"Ja\u00efs","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2023080419241149100_euad195-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.109.899021","article-title":"Characterization, mapping, and catheter ablation of recurrent atrial tachycardias after stepwise ablation of long-lasting persistent atrial fibrillation","volume":"3","author":"Rostock","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2023080419241149100_euad195-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14576","article-title":"Atrial tachycardia circuits include low voltage area from index atrial fibrillation ablation relationship between RF ablation lesion and AT","volume":"31","author":"Kitamura","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2023080419241149100_euad195-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.06.021","article-title":"Entrainment and high-density three-dimensional mapping in right atrial macroreentry provide critical complementary information: entrainment may unmask \u201cvisual reentry\u201d as passive","volume":"14","author":"Pathik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2023080419241149100_euad195-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.10.029","article-title":"Revisiting anatomic macroreentrant tachycardia after atrial fibrillation ablation using ultrahigh-resolution mapping: implications for ablation","volume":"15","author":"Takigawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2023080419241149100_euad195-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.117.006019","article-title":"Comprehensive multicenter study of the common isthmus in post-atrial fibrillation ablation multiple-loop atrial tachycardia","volume":"11","author":"Takigawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2023080419241149100_euad195-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2020.03.004","article-title":"Characterization of Complex atrial tachycardia in patients with previous atrial interventions using high-resolution mapping","volume":"6","author":"Derval","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2023080419241149100_euad195-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.117.005558","article-title":"Characteristics of single-loop macroreentrant biatrial tachycardia diagnosed by ultrahigh-resolution mapping system","volume":"11","author":"Kitamura","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2023080419241149100_euad195-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.119.007273","article-title":"Mechanism of recurrence of atrial tachycardia: comparison between first versus redo procedures in a high-resolution mapping system","volume":"13","author":"Takigawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2023080419241149100_euad195-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2018.10.031","article-title":"A simple mechanism underlying the behavior of reentrant atrial tachycardia during ablation","volume":"16","author":"Takigawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2023080419241149100_euad195-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eun106","article-title":"Prediction of the atrial flutter circuit location from the surface electrocardiogram","volume":"10","author":"Medi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2023080419241149100_euad195-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2009.01456.x","article-title":"Using the 12-lead ECG to localize the origin of ventricular and atrial tachycardias: part 1. 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