{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T06:14:25Z","timestamp":1791699265201,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union's Horizon-2020 research and innovation programme","award":["945119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["945119"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Percutaneous stellate ganglion block (PSGB) through single-bolus injection and thoracic epidural anaesthesia (TEA) have been proposed for the acute management of refractory ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). However, data on continuous PSGB (C-PSGB) are scant. The aim of this study is to report our dual-centre experience with C-PSGB and to perform a systematic review on C-PSGB and TEA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Consecutive patients receiving C-PSGB at two centres were enrolled. The systematic literature review follows the latest Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. Our case series (26 patients, 88% male, 60 \u00b1 16 years, all with advanced structural heart disease, left ventricular ejection fraction 23 \u00b1 11%, 32 C-PSGBs performed, with a median duration of 3 days) shows that C-PSGB is feasible and safe and leads to complete VAs suppression in 59% and to overall clinical benefit in 94% of cases. Overall, 61 patients received 68 C-PSGBs and 22 TEA, with complete VA suppression in 63% of C-PSGBs (61% of patients). Most TEA procedures (55%) were performed on intubated patients, as opposed to 28% of C-PSGBs (P = 0.02); 63% of cases were on full anticoagulation at C-PSGB, none at TEA (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Ropivacaine and lidocaine were the most used drugs for C-PSGB, and the available data support a starting dose of 12 and 100\u2005mg\/h, respectively. No major complications occurred, yet TEA discontinuation rate due to side effects was higher than C-PSGB (18 vs. 1%, P = 0.01).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Continuous PSGB seems feasible, safe, and effective for the acute management of refractory VAs. The antiarrhythmic effect may be accomplished with less concerns for concomitant anticoagulation compared with TEA and with a lower side-effect related discontinuation rate.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T15:59:34Z","timestamp":1711382374000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Continuous stellate ganglion block for ventricular arrhythmias: case series, systematic review, and differences from thoracic epidural anaesthesia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2290-3126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Dusi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin , Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino , Italy"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, \u2018Citt\u00e0 della Salute e 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Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, \u2018Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza\u2019 Hospital , Corso Bramante 88\/90, 10126 Torino , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2289-5629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Compagnoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Section of Cardiology, University of Pavia , Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7921-0234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arianna","family":"Morena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin , Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino , Italy"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, \u2018Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza\u2019 Hospital , Corso Bramante 88\/90, 10126 Torino , 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