{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T03:50:21Z","timestamp":1785642621236,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":47,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009015","name":"Abbott Japan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016242","name":"Boston Scientific Japan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019341","name":"Medtronic Japan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Biotronik Japan"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005035","name":"Biotronik","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016304","name":"Medtronic","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016304","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001316","name":"Abbott","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001316","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013410","name":"LivaNova","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008497","name":"Boston Scientific","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008497","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007330","name":"AtriCure","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004320","name":"Philips","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004320","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Acutus"},{"name":"Acutus Medical, and Daiichi Sankyo"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Several algorithms can differentiate inferior axis premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) originating from the right side and left side on 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs). However, it is unclear whether distinguishing the origin should rely solely on PVC or incorporate sinus rhythm (SR). We compared the dual-rhythm model (incorporating both SR and PVC) to the PVC model (using PVC alone) and quantified the contribution of each ECG lead in predicting the PVC origin for each cardiac rotation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This multicentre study enrolled 593 patients from 11 centres\u2014493 from Japan and Germany, and 100 from Belgium, which were used as the external validation data set. Using a hybrid approach combining a Resnet50-based convolutional neural network and a transformer model, we developed two variants\u2014the PVC and dual-rhythm models\u2014to predict PVC origin. In the external validation data set, the dual-rhythm model outperformed the PVC model in accuracy (0.84 vs. 0.74, respectively; P &amp;lt; 0.01), precision (0.73 vs. 0.55, respectively; P &amp;lt; 0.01), specificity (0.87 vs. 0.68, respectively; P &amp;lt; 0.01), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.91 vs. 0.86, respectively; P = 0.03), and F1-score (0.77 vs. 0.68, respectively; P = 0.03). The contributions to PVC origin prediction were 77.3% for PVC and 22.7% for the SR. However, in patients with counterclockwise rotation, SR had a greater contribution in predicting the origin of right-sided PVC.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our deep learning\u2013based model, incorporating both PVC and SR morphologies, resulted in a higher prediction accuracy for PVC origin, considering SR is particularly important for predicting right-sided origin in patients with counterclockwise rotation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T14:11:54Z","timestamp":1726150314000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Enhancing origin prediction: deep learning model for diagnosing premature ventricular contractions with dual-rhythm analysis focused on cardiac rotation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0262-9932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazutaka","family":"Nakasone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo 650-0017 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1366-9948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makoto","family":"Nishimori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo 650-0017 ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Hyogo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8724-0071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masakazu","family":"Shinohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Hyogo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1768-802X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitsuru","family":"Takami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo 650-0017 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimitake","family":"Imamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo 650-0017 ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Section of Arrhythmia, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Hyogo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7025-0310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taku","family":"Nishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University , Nara ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Shimane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hyogo Prefectural Harima-Himeji General Medical Center , Hyogo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0955-7791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasushi","family":"Oginosawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health , Kitakyushu ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2428-770X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health , Kitakyushu ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4661-2999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuteru","family":"Yamauchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital , Kanagawa ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryudo","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital , Osaka ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Asada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital , Osaka ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0977-2632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akihiro","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Kita-Harima Medical Center , Hyogo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9200-9321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaoru","family":"Takami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Kita-Harima Medical Center , Hyogo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomomi","family":"Akita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Kita-Harima Medical Center , Hyogo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5103-978X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takayuki","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension, and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine , Ehime ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3037-8704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Sommer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Electrophysiology, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of Ruhr-University Bochum , Bochum ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4107-5178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustapha","family":"El Hamriti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Electrophysiology, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of Ruhr-University Bochum , Bochum ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6884-9962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Imada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Ako City Hospital , Hyogo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9769-1511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Pannone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Postgraduate Program in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel\u2014Vrije Universiteit Brussel, European Reference Networks Guard-Heart , Brussels ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6327-0487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Sarkozy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Postgraduate Program in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel\u2014Vrije Universiteit Brussel, European Reference Networks Guard-Heart , Brussels ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gian 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Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo 650-0017 ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Yodogawa Christian Hospital , 1-7-50, Kunijima, Higashiyodogawa-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka 533-0024 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken-ichi","family":"Hirata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo 650-0017 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4276-479X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koji","family":"Fukuzawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , 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