{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T05:45:12Z","timestamp":1789796712065,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101044831"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101044831"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In 2024, we celebrate the 100th anniversary of Willem Einthoven receiving the Nobel Prize for his discovery of the mechanism of the electrocardiogram (ECG). Building on Einthoven\u2019s legacy, electrocardiography allows the monitoring of cardiac bioelectricity through solutions to the so-called forward and inverse problems. These solutions link local cardiac electrical signals with the morphology of the ECG, offering a reversible connection between the heart\u2019s electrical activity and its representation on the body surface. Inspired by Einthoven\u2019s work, researchers have explored the transition from monitoring to modulation of bioelectrical activity in the heart for the development of new anti-arrhythmic strategies, e.g. via optogenetics. In this review, we demonstrate the lasting influence that Einthoven has on our understanding of cardiac electrophysiology in general, and the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias in particular.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T08:48:44Z","timestamp":1735030124000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Monitoring and modulating cardiac bioelectricity: from Einthoven to end-user"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4942-9866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"De Coster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center , Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4066-4808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arman","family":"Nobacht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center , Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2265-9327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thom","family":"Oostendorp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4787-7155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoine A F","family":"de Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center , Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9433-6119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruben","family":"Coronel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC , Amsterdam 1105 AZ ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6731-4125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dani\u00ebl A","family":"Pijnappels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center , Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025013112550409900_euae300-B1","first-page":"27","volume-title":"The Glass Recordings of Willem Einthoven. 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