{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T22:50:05Z","timestamp":1782946205209,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["860974"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["860974"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021847","name":"Swiss National Supercomputing Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["s1074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["s1074"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021847","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021847","name":"Swiss National Supercomputing Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["lp100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["lp100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021847","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"MAESTRIA project","award":["965286"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["965286"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001030","name":"Dutch Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01-002-2022-0118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01-002-2022-0118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is the cornerstone of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation, but recurrences are frequent. Ablating AF sources beyond PVI may prevent re-initiations. This proof-of-principle in silico study compares a novel source-based ablation approach to conventional strategies in preventing AF re-initiation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We compared two conventional ablation strategies [PVI and PVI + posterior wall isolation (box ablation)] with our source-based approach. After PVI, a high-density mapping catheter was guided sequentially upstream of local repetitive conduction patterns until a source was identified. Located targets were ablated, connecting them to non-conducting boundaries. Strategies were compared based on their AF re-initiation rates after incremental pacing and ablated and electrically isolated areas. Analyses were performed in seven different scenarios with atria of different sizes, without (n = 3) and with fibrosis (n = 4), to assess different AF progression stages. Compared to no ablation, PVI reduced initiation rates in non-fibrotic atria (23 \u00b1 8% control vs. 15 \u00b1 0% PVI) but was less effective with fibrosis (60 \u00b1 4% vs. 53 \u00b1 10%). Box ablation was not superior to PVI while isolating more of the left atrium (isolated area in PVI: 31.5 \u00b1 0.7% vs. box: 43.6 \u00b1 0.5%). Conversely, source ablation completely prevented AF initiation in all scenarios, achieving comparable left atrial isolation with box ablation (isolated area without fibrosis: 36.3 \u00b1 1.4%; with fibrosis: 43.2 \u00b1 2.6%) and including right atrial lesions. Although macro-re-entrant tachycardias occurred frequently after source ablation, they were terminated with minimal lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ablating AF sources using our high-density mapping approach was more efficient in preventing AF re-initiation in silico than anatomy-based strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euaf304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T13:13:01Z","timestamp":1764249181000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ablation of atrial fibrillation sources identified through sequential high-density mapping:\n                    <i>in silico<\/i>\n                    comparison against anatomy-based approaches"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9850-392X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Gon\u00e7alves Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University , Universiteitssingel 50, Maastricht 6229ER ,","place":["Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Gharaviri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Group, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4530-6674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ozan","family":"\u00d6zg\u00fcl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University , Universiteitssingel 50, Maastricht 6229ER ,","place":["Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7432-0424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Pezzuto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Universit\u00e0 di Trento , Trento ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2116-6993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelo","family":"Auricchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Computational Medicine in Cardiology, Euler Institute, Universit\u00e0 della Svizzera Italiana , Lugano ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8818-5964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Vernooy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht ,","place":["Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4893-0824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominik","family":"Linz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht ,","place":["Netherlands"]},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7780-4427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ben","family":"Hermans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht 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