{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T17:18:27Z","timestamp":1790875107908,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation in electrophysiology may significantly affect the careers of women of reproductive age. The aim of the STOOP registry was to quantify the estimated yearly occupational radiation exposure of female electrophysiologists of reproductive age performing consecutive radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) adopting a fluoroscopy-minimization strategy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twelve European centres participated. All procedures were performed with a fluoroscopy-minimization strategy, guided by 3D mapping systems and following the As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) principles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 710 RFCA procedures were performed by 32 operators (mean age38 \u00b1 7 years). Mean procedure time was 80 \u00b1 35\u2005min, with a mean fluoroscopy time of 51 \u00b1 153\u2005s. The mean operator annual dose\u2013area product (DAP) was 46.7 \u00b1 79.5\u2005Gy\u00b7cm\u00b2, corresponding to an estimated mean annual effective dose of 9.34 \u00b1 15.9\u2005\u00b5Sv. In no case did the yearly effective dose reach the 1\u2005mSv occupational limit for pregnancy. The mean DAP did not differ among operators and was unaffected by operator experience or annual procedure volume.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Performing SVT ablation with a fluoroscopy-minimization strategy results in operator radiation exposure far below the 1\u2005mSv foetal dose constraint applicable once pregnancy is declared, irrespective of operator experience or case volume. These findings support the safety of continuing electrophysiology activity for women of reproductive age under modern fluoroscopy-free workflows.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euag030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T12:45:32Z","timestamp":1772023532000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Fluoroscopy-minimization strategy for catheter ablation of Supraventricular Tachycardia by wOmen OPerators: the STOOP Multicentre Registry"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2557-7434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Poggi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Unit, Mediterranea Cardiocentro , Via Orazio 2, Napoli 80122 ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Electrophysiology Unit, IRCCS I.N.M. Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9746-3380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marzia","family":"Giaccardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS , Florence ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Cardiology Florence II, Department of Medical Specialties , Florence ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7570-4278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Cipolletta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, Marche University Hospital , Ancona ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Dubrava , Zagreb ,","place":["Croatia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8786-7976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheryl","family":"Teres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) , Lausanne ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3914-4119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura Vitali","family":"Serdoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Division, Klinikum Fuerth , Fuerth ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1333-9241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Buia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Division, Klinikum Fuerth , Fuerth ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7130-3207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Ghiglieno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Ospedale Degli Infermi , Rivoli, TO ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8526-4472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Meynet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Ospedale Degli Infermi , Rivoli, TO ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0241-5547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura Valverde","family":"Soria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves , Granada ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8995-3884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Nesti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrophysiology, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio , Pisa ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Garibaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrophysiology, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio , Pisa ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5322-1742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michela","family":"Casella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical, Special, and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University , Ancona ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Electrophysiology Unit, Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research , Cotignola, RA ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8843-9370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel","family":"Adelino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Unit, Cardiology Department, Vall D\u2019Hebron University Hospital , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5157-5924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Assunta","family":"Iuliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Unit, Mediterranea Cardiocentro , Via Orazio 2, Napoli 80122 ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Electrophysiology Unit, IRCCS I.N.M. 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Miulli\u2019, Acquaviva Delle Fonti , Bari ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5221-464X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"De Regibus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrophysiology, San Carlo Borromeo Hospital (ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo) , Milan ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3493-5173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Mangiafico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Florence II, Department of Medical Specialties , Florence ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5928-1669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Strisciuglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Medical Sciences, Universit\u00e0 Federico II , Napoli ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026031116121407500_euag030-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euw301","article-title":"European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus document on the management of supraventricular arrhythmias, endorsed by Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and Sociedad Latinoamericana de Estimulaci\u00f3n Cardiaca y Electrofisiologia (SOLAECE)","volume":"19","author":"Katritsis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026031116121407500_euag030-B2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Council Directive 2013\/59\/Euratom of 5 December 2013 laying down basic safety standards for protection against the dangers arising from exposure to ionising radiation, and repealing Directives 89\/618\/Euratom, 90\/641\/Euratom, 96\/29\/Euratom, 97\/43\/Euratom and 2003\/122\/Euratom","volume":"57","author":"European Council","year":"2014","journal-title":"Off J Eur Union"},{"key":"2026031116121407500_euag030-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euv344","article-title":"Near zerO fluoroscopic exPosure during catheter ablAtion of supRavenTricular arrhYthmias: the NO-PARTY multicentre randomized trial","volume":"18","author":"Casella","year":"2016","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026031116121407500_euag030-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2016.08.014","article-title":"Meta-analysis of zero or near-zero fluoroscopy use during ablation of cardiac arrhythmias","volume":"118","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026031116121407500_euag030-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2761","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.15221","article-title":"Zero fluoroscopy approach versus fluoroscopy approach for cardiac arrhythmia ablations: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Kanitsoraphan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026031116121407500_euag030-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856145","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.856145","article-title":"Zero and minimal fluoroscopic approaches during ablation of supraventricular tachycardias: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Debreceni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2026031116121407500_euag030-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euac049","article-title":"Randomized comparison of atrioventricular node re-entry tachycardia and atrial flutter catheter ablation with and without fluoroscopic guidance: ZeroFluoro study","volume":"24","author":"Lehar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026031116121407500_euag030-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icrp.2012.02.001","article-title":"ICRP publication 118: ICRP statement on tissue reactions and early and late effects of radiation in normal tissues and organs\u2014threshold doses for tissue reactions in a radiation protection context","volume":"41","author":"Stewart","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann ICRP"},{"key":"2026031116121407500_euag030-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/0146645317750356","article-title":"Authors on behalf of ICRP9. 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