{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T16:19:59Z","timestamp":1788279599838,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As implantation rates of leadless pacemakers (LPM) increase, a growing number of patients will require assessment of LPM removability. This multicentre study investigated the safety and feasibility of removal of tine-based LPMs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analysed consecutive patients who underwent tine-based LPM removal between March 2016 and January 2024 across 11 centres in Europe and the USA. Demographic characteristics, indication for LPM removal, procedural success, and complication rates were assessed. A total of 85 patients [median age 73 years (IQR 64\u201382)] were included. Indications for LPM removal included temporary use after transvenous lead extraction (23.5%), upgrade to a biventricular pacing system (22.4%) or a transvenous dual-chamber pacemaker (9.4%), and increased pacing thresholds (21.2%). The median device dwell time was 96 days (IQR 29\u2013320 days), and the overall procedural success rate was 96.5%. In the majority of cases, removal was performed using a steerable sheath in combination with a single-loop snare. Procedure-related adverse events occurred in 5.9% of patients, including two pericardial effusions and three cases of device embolization. Significant predictors of removal failure (n = 3, 3.5%) were apical device position [odds ratio (OR) 61.8.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.5\u2013788716.3, P = 0.008] and longer device dwell time [OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1\u20132.4, P = 0.008].<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Removal of tine-based LPMs, typically after short- to mid-term device dwell times, was generally feasible and safe.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euag157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,21]],"date-time":"2026-06-21T11:30:45Z","timestamp":1782041445000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Removal of tine-based leadless pacemakers: insights from a large multicentre experience"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3126-8555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stjepan","family":"Jurisic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich , Raemistrasse 100, Zurich CH-8091 ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0806-1786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanne","family":"du Fay de Lavallaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University of Michigan Health Care , Ann Arbor, MI ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3432-070X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Gasperetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Electrophysiology & Cardiac Pacing, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS , Milan ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Arrhythmology and Electrophysiology Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, IRCCS , Milan ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4978-7177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikhael","family":"El-Chami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Section of Electrophysiology, Emory University School of Medicine , 550 W Peachtree St NE, Atlanta, GA 30308 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0720-3380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Schiavone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Electrophysiology & Cardiac Pacing, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS , Milan ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Cunnane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, University of Michigan Health Care , Ann Arbor, MI ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wissam","family":"Mekary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Section of Electrophysiology, Emory University School of Medicine , 550 W Peachtree St NE, Atlanta, GA 30308 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8081-0577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Cerini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, Spedali Civili Hospital, University of Brescia , Brescia ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2651-4352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harikrishna","family":"Tandri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Curnis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, Spedali Civili Hospital, University of Brescia , Brescia ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6249-6983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Jurisic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, TUM University Hospital German Heart Center , Munich ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3774-0104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Mitacchione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, Spedali Civili Hospital, University of Brescia , Brescia ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8500-8313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Tondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Electrophysiology & Cardiac Pacing, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS , Milan ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan , Milan ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Gulletta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmology and Electrophysiology Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, IRCCS , Milan ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8895-8915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni B","family":"Forleo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Unit, Luigi Sacco University Hospital , Milan ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Rovaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori , Monza ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Kepler University Hospital Linz, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz , Linz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5053-3284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shmaila","family":"Saleem-Talib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Haga Teaching Hospital , The Hague ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0441-0506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hemanth","family":"Ramanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Haga Teaching Hospital , The Hague ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1534-3845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Claude","family":"Deharo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, CHU Timone , Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8164-6329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Hofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich , Raemistrasse 100, Zurich CH-8091 ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4440-2947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Breitenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich , Raemistrasse 100, Zurich CH-8091 ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae101","article-title":"Leadless pacemakers at 5-year follow-up: the Micra transcatheter pacing system post-approval registry","volume":"45","author":"El-Chami","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euab232","article-title":"2021 ESC guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy","volume":"24","author":"Glikson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1507192","article-title":"Percutaneous implantation of an entirely intracardiac leadless pacemaker","volume":"373","author":"Reddy","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2604","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1511643","article-title":"A leadless intracardiac transcatheter pacing system","volume":"374","author":"Reynolds","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2022.12.002","article-title":"Outcomes of leadless pacemaker implantation following transvenous lead extraction in high-volume referral centers: real-world data from a large international registry","volume":"20","author":"Mitacchione","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1511643","article-title":"A leadless intracardiac transcatheter pacing System","volume":"374","author":"Reynolds","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2360","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2300080","article-title":"A dual-chamber leadless pacemaker","volume":"388","author":"Knops","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2016.04.006","article-title":"Treating an infected transcatheter pacemaker system via percutaneous extraction","volume":"2","author":"Koay","year":"2016","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccas.2020.09.019","article-title":"Successful retrieval of a 4-year-old Micra transcatheter pacemaker system in a patient with leadless biventricular pacing therapy","volume":"2","author":"Minami","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Case Rep"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"euaf291","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euaf291","article-title":"Micra leadless pacemaker revisions: incidence, characteristics, and outcomes from a multicentre French cohort","volume":"27","author":"Jacon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.116.004626","article-title":"Retrieval of the leadless cardiac pacemaker: a multicenter experience","volume":"9","author":"Reddy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"euae256","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae256","article-title":"Transcatheter non-acute retrieval of the tine-based leadless ventricular pacemaker","volume":"26","author":"Funasako","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2023.11.002","article-title":"Extraction of a leadless pacemaker 28 months after implantation owing to right ventricular outflow tract obstruction","volume":"10","author":"Akiyoshi","year":"2024","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz671","article-title":"Extraction of a leadless pacemaker 23 months after implantation","volume":"41","author":"Breitenstein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.16339","article-title":"Extraction of a 6-year-old leadless pacemaker (MICRA transcatheter pacing system) using commercially available removal tools: a case report","volume":"35","author":"Chmielewska-Michalak","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.13622","article-title":"First-in-human retrieval of chronically implanted Micra transcatheter pacing system","volume":"42","author":"Curnis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14946","article-title":"Elective replacement of a 4-year-old leadless pacemaker: new approach for end-of-life management","volume":"32","author":"De Filippo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2020.08.022","article-title":"Retrieval of an infected leadless pacemaker","volume":"6","author":"Ellison","year":"2020","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2020.06.010","article-title":"Retrieval of long-term implanted leadless pacemakers: a single-center experience","volume":"6","author":"Minami","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2018.02.008","article-title":"Techniques for successful early retrieval of the Micra transcatheter pacing system: a worldwide experience","volume":"15","author":"Afzal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.07.004","article-title":"A worldwide experience of the management of battery failures and chronic device retrieval of the nanostim leadless pacemaker","volume":"14","author":"Lakkireddy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ii26","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartjsupp\/suae119","article-title":"Long-term management of leadless pacemakers","volume":"27","author":"Andreae","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Suppl"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-022-01752-y","article-title":"Leadless pacing: where we currently stand and what the future holds","volume":"24","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rep"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2021.06.003","article-title":"Leadless pacemakers: a review of current data and future directions","volume":"66","author":"Middour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2018.05.004","article-title":"Accelerometer-based atrioventricular synchronous pacing with a ventricular leadless pacemaker: results from the Micra atrioventricular feasibility studies","volume":"15","author":"Chinitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2019.10.017","article-title":"Atrioventricular synchronous pacing using a leadless ventricular pacemaker: results from the MARVEL 2 study","volume":"6","author":"Steinwender","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.16295","article-title":"Contemporary trends of leadless pacemaker implantation in the United States","volume":"35","author":"Khan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"euae013","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae013","article-title":"Life cycle and post-mortem ingrowth patterns of a leadless pacemaker system","volume":"26","author":"Blessberger","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euac066","article-title":"Practical considerations, indications, and future perspectives for leadless and extravascular cardiac implantable electronic devices: a position paper by EHRA\/HRS\/LAHRS\/APHRS","volume":"24","author":"Boersma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14825","article-title":"Life cycle management of Micra transcatheter pacing system: data from a high-volume center","volume":"32","author":"Bhatia","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.15796","article-title":"Implantation of a leadless pacemaker in young adults","volume":"34","author":"Strik","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2023.05.010","article-title":"Sustained ventricular arrhythmia after implantation of helix-fixation leadless pacemaker","volume":"9","author":"Qin","year":"2023","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euy195","article-title":"Leadless pacing using the transcatheter pacing system (Micra TPS) in the real world: initial Swiss experience from the Romandie region","volume":"21","author":"Valiton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.14925","article-title":"Upgrade from leadless to transvenous pacemaker with left bundle branch area pacing: a case report","volume":"47","author":"Palmisano","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"euae162","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae162","article-title":"Two-in-one procedure for transvenous lead extraction and leadless pacemaker reimplantation in pacemaker-dependent patients with device infection: streamlined patient flow","volume":"26","author":"Maille","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2023.02.003","article-title":"Concomitant leadless pacing in pacemaker-dependent patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction for active infection: mid-term follow-up","volume":"20","author":"Beccarino","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"euaf252","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euaf252","article-title":"Cardiac implantable electronic device upgrades and downgrades: a Clinical Consensus Statement of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC, the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Association (APHRS), Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS), Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), and the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)","volume":"27","author":"Keene","year":"2025","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.14559","article-title":"Visual observation of extraction of a Micra leadless pacemaker from a human cadaver","volume":"45","author":"Bonner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2021.08.025","article-title":"Tissues attached to retrieved leadless pacemakers: histopathological evaluation of tissue composition in relation to implantation time and complications","volume":"18","author":"Breeman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-015-0929-x","article-title":"Complete encapsulation of a leadless cardiac pacemaker","volume":"105","author":"Kypta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3053","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.1066-18","article-title":"A leadless pacemaker which became encapsulated only two months after placement","volume":"57","author":"Satoh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.115.003101","article-title":"Postmortem histopathological examination of a leadless pacemaker shows partial encapsulation after 19 months","volume":"8","author":"Tjong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2016.02.014","article-title":"MICRA leadless pacemaker on autopsy","volume":"2","author":"Vamos","year":"2016","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i2","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2005.077875","article-title":"Anatomy, echocardiography, and normal right ventricular dimensions","volume":"92 Suppl 1","author":"Ho","year":"2006","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2019.04.012","article-title":"Potential mechanisms of endothelialisation in individuals implanted with a leadless pacemaker systems: an experimental in vitro study","volume":"55","author":"Edlinger","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/1054-8807(95)00023-X","article-title":"The encapsulation of polyurethane-insulated transvenous cardiac pacemaker leads","volume":"4","author":"Stokes","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Pathol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2017.01.011","article-title":"Neointimal fibrotic lead encapsulation - clinical challenges and demands for implantable cardiac electronic devices","volume":"70","author":"Keiler","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.15653","article-title":"The subtle tine: asymptomatic Micra perforation incidentally discovered during cardiac surgery","volume":"34","author":"Tan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2009.04.001","article-title":"Post-cardiac injury syndrome following transvenous pacemaker insertion: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"18","author":"Cevik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Heart Lung Circ"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14362","article-title":"Reduced bacterial adhesion with parylene coating: potential implications for Micra transcatheter pacemakers","volume":"31","author":"El-Chami","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2010.04.020","article-title":"Effectiveness of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator lead coil treatments in facilitating ease of extraction","volume":"7","author":"Hackler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2393","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.001120","article-title":"Multi-institutional study of implantable defibrillator lead performance in children and young adults: results of the pediatric lead extractability and survival evaluation (PLEASE) study","volume":"127","author":"Atallah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.110.957324","article-title":"Lead extraction in pediatric and congenital heart disease patients","volume":"3","author":"Cecchin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1159\/000226287","article-title":"Lead extraction in children and young adults using different techniques","volume":"18","author":"Dilber","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Princ Pract"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1996.tb03359.x","article-title":"Lead extraction in young patients with and without congenital heart disease using the subclavian approach","volume":"19","author":"Friedman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2011.03226.x","article-title":"Pediatric and adult congenital endocardial lead extraction or abandonment decision (PACELEAD) survey of lead management","volume":"34","author":"McCanta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2006.00376.x","article-title":"Effectiveness of excimer laser-assisted pacing and ICD lead extraction in children and young adults","volume":"29","author":"Moak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eum019","article-title":"Predictors of venous obstruction following pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: a contrast venographic study on 100 patients admitted for generator change, lead revision, or device upgrade","volume":"9","author":"Haghjoo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4562","DOI":"10.19102\/icrm.2021.120606","article-title":"Tips and tricks for safe retrieval of tine-based leadless pacemakers","volume":"12","author":"Afzal","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Innov Card Rhythm Manag"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.13766","article-title":"Femoral extraction of transvenous leads and leadless pacemakers-A review of the data, tools, and procedural steps","volume":"42","author":"El-Chami","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13092","article-title":"How to implant a leadless pacemaker with a tine-based fixation","volume":"27","author":"El-Chami","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2020.04.013","article-title":"Extraction of a \u201cfloating leadless pacemaker\u201d: a case report","volume":"6","author":"Kawasaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2024.05.005","article-title":"Unlike conventional methods, extraction of a leadless pacemaker can be performed theoretically and safely by grasping the tines","volume":"10","author":"Narita","year":"2024","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"euae191","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae191","article-title":"Evaluation of tricuspid valve regurgitation following transvenous rotational mechanical lead extraction","volume":"26","author":"Migliore","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ytae695","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytae695","article-title":"Complications of transvenous lead extraction-focus on tricuspid valve damage: a case report","volume":"9","author":"Jargie\u0142o","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Case Rep"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2023.04.004","article-title":"Extraction of a 5-year-old leadless pacemaker using a competing manufacturer's removal tool","volume":"9","author":"Callahan","year":"2023","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2023.04.018","article-title":"Need for a universal retrieval tool with countertraction for the removal of leadless pacemakers regardless of the manufacturer","volume":"20","author":"Jain","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2015.207","article-title":"Considerations for cardiac device lead extraction","volume":"13","author":"Wazni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2019.05.002","article-title":"Extraction of a 4-year-old leadless pacemaker with a tine-based fixation","volume":"5","author":"Kiani","year":"2019","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"key":"2026090111415795100_euag157-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2022.07.012","article-title":"The use of a needle's eye snare to extract a leadless pacemaker in a patient with a persistent bacteremia","volume":"8","author":"Mor-Welch","year":"2022","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"}],"container-title":["Europace"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/europace\/euag157\/68695539\/euag157.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/article-pdf\/28\/8\/euag157\/68695539\/euag157.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/article-pdf\/28\/8\/euag157\/68695539\/euag157.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T15:42:13Z","timestamp":1788277333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/europace\/euag157\/8724700"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/europace\/euag157","relation":{},"ISSN":["1099-5129","1532-2092"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1099-5129","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2092","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]]},"article-number":"euag157"}}