{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T02:02:34Z","timestamp":1789437754458,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence supporting the use of pulsed field ablation (PFA) for ventricular arrhythmia (VA) ablation remains limited and heterogeneous, and the relationship between preclinical lesion characteristics and clinical outcomes is incompletely defined. We sought to systematically summarize preclinical lesion metrics and clinical outcomes of ventricular PFA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical and clinical studies of ventricular PFA. Preclinical studies reporting lesion depth or transmurality and clinical studies detailing procedural efficacy and safety were included. Random-effects models were used to pool lesion characteristics and clinical outcomes. Seventy-five studies were included (33 preclinical, 43 clinical; 355 patients). In preclinical models, mean lesion depth was 5.96\u2005mm(95%CI, 5.07\u20136.84) in healthy endocardium and 5.19\u2005mm (95%CI, 2.58\u20137.79) in healthy epicardium. Notably, lesion depth was quantitatively similar in models of scarred myocardium (5.96\u2005mm; 95%CI, 5.39\u20136.53). Lesion transmurality was variable in healthy tissues (32%; 95%CI, 15\u201352%) but higher within scar (53%; 95%CI, 36\u201370%). Consistently, lesion depth was similar between PFA and RF in healthy myocardium, but greater with PFA in scarred models (within-study mean depth difference, 2.09\u2005mm; 95%CI, 0.84\u20133.34). Greater contact force, repeated applications, and higher energy\/duration settings were associated with increased lesion depth. Clinically, acute success was high for both premature ventricular complexes (PVCs,90%; 95%CI, 83\u201396%) and ventricular tachycardia (VT;92%; 95%CI, 87\u201396%) in studies with \u22653patients. Over a mean follow-up of approximately 5months, recurrence rates were 19% (95%CI, 12\u201328%) for PVCs and 21% (95%CI, 10\u201335%) for VT. The overall complication rate was 10% (95%CI, 5\u201317%) in studies with \u22653patients, with coronary artery spasm and conduction disturbances representing the most frequent adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ventricular PFA demonstrates high acute efficacy and encouraging mid-term outcomes, supported by preclinical evidence of favourable lesion penetration within scarred myocardium. Safety considerations-particularly coronary and conduction system effects-and the heterogeneity of preclinical evidence highlight the need for further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euag221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T11:37:28Z","timestamp":1787053048000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ventricular pulsed field ablation from bench to bedside: preclinical and clinical evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1924-6548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Compagnucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital \u2018Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche\u2019 , Via Conca 71, Ancona 60126 ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7027-9143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Finori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital \u2018Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche\u2019 , Via Conca 71, Ancona 60126 ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University , Ancona ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5322-1742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michela","family":"Casella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University , Ancona ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"IRCCS Maria Cecilia Hospital - GVM Care & Research , Cotignola ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3432-070X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Gasperetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, , Cleveland, OH ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry D","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, , Chicago, IL ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0454-0739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yari","family":"Valeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital \u2018Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche\u2019 , Via Conca 71, Ancona 60126 ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University , Ancona ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2118-893X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"D\u2019Angelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital \u2018Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche\u2019 , Via Conca 71, Ancona 60126 ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University , Ancona ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8717-5190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Campanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital \u2018Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche\u2019 , Via Conca 71, Ancona 60126 ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University , Ancona ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9996-9875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgio","family":"Giacomini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital \u2018Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche\u2019 , Via Conca 71, Ancona 60126 ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University , Ancona ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5593-3591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Volpato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital \u2018Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche\u2019 , Via Conca 71, Ancona 60126 ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7570-4278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Cipolletta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital \u2018Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche\u2019 , Via Conca 71, Ancona 60126 ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quintino","family":"Parisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital \u2018Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche\u2019 , Via Conca 71, Ancona 60126 ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6508-4047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Di Biase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Division of Cardiology at Montefiore-Einstein Center , Bronx, NY ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5487-0728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Natale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St David\u2019s Medical Center, Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute , Austin, TX ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Cardiology, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome \u00a0","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Interventional Electrophysiology, Scripps Clinic , San Diego, CA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Metro Health Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine , Cleveland, OH ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0023-9666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pasquale","family":"Santangeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, , Cleveland, OH ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7737-421X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Dello Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital \u2018Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche\u2019 , Via Conca 71, Ancona 60126 ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University , Ancona ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3997","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac262","article-title":"2022 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death","volume":"43","author":"Zeppenfeld","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euz132","article-title":"2019 HRS\/EHRA\/APHRS\/LAHRS expert consensus statement on catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias","volume":"21","author":"Cronin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euaf302","article-title":"Catheter ablation vs. anti-arrhythmic drug therapy for ventricular tachycardia in ischaemic heart disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"27","author":"Santoro","year":"2025","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-023-01705-7","article-title":"Technological advances in ventricular tachycardia catheter ablation: the relentless quest for novel solutions to old problems","volume":"67","author":"Compagnucci","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2026.01.012","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of temperature-guided radiofrequency ablation for ventricular tachycardia: a multicenter study","volume":"12","author":"Compagnucci","year":"2026","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.124.012788","article-title":"Substrate characterization and outcomes of ventricular tachycardia ablation in amyloid cardiomyopathy: a multicenter study","volume":"17","author":"Compagnucci","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.15908","article-title":"Microelectrode voltage mapping for substrate assessment in catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia: a dual-center experience","volume":"34","author":"Dello Russo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.12.022","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation: disrupting technology in cardiac electrophysiology","volume":"23","author":"Miklav\u010di\u010d","year":"2026","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2024.05.042","article-title":"Pulsed field vs very high-power short-duration radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation: results of a multicenter, real-world experience","volume":"21","author":"Dello Russo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae134","article-title":"State-of-the-art pulsed field ablation for cardiac arrhythmias: ongoing evolution and future perspective","volume":"26","author":"Chun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hroo.2025.08.027","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation for ventricular arrhythmias: from mechanistic foundations to clinical translation","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm O2"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euaf161","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation for ventricular tachycardia: are we there yet?","volume":"27","author":"Di Biase","year":"2025","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae030","article-title":"Management of ventricular tachycardias: insights on centre settings, procedural workflow, endpoints, and implementation of guidelines\u2014results from an EHRA survey","volume":"26","author":"Sultan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280216669183","article-title":"Optimally estimating the sample mean from the sample size, median, mid-range, and\/or mid-quartile range","volume":"27","author":"Luo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-135","article-title":"Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and\/or interquartile range","volume":"14","author":"Wan","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2013-203104","article-title":"Meta-analysis of prevalence","volume":"67","author":"Barendregt","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-021-01381-z","article-title":"Conducting proportional meta-analysis in different types of systematic reviews: a guide for synthesisers of evidence","volume":"21","author":"Barker","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euz341","article-title":"Endocardial ventricular pulsed field ablation: a proof-of-concept preclinical evaluation","volume":"22","author":"Koruth","year":"2020","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.121.010375","article-title":"Pulsed-field ablation in ventricular myocardium using a focal catheter: the impact of application repetition on lesion dimensions","volume":"14","author":"Yavin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.122.011110","article-title":"Effects of electrode-tissue proximity on cardiac lesion formation using pulsed field ablation","volume":"15","author":"Howard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2022.03.007","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation of left ventricular myocardium in a swine infarct model","volume":"8","author":"Im","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.122.011120","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation of the porcine ventricle using a focal lattice-tip catheter","volume":"15","author":"Kawamura","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2022.06.002","article-title":"Bipolar electroporation across the interventricular septum: electrophysiological, imaging, and histopathological characteristics","volume":"8","author":"Van Zyl","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.122.011209","article-title":"Effect of pulsed-field and radiofrequency ablation on heterogeneous ventricular scar in a swine model of healed myocardial infarction","volume":"15","author":"Younis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.122.011369","article-title":"Electrophysiology, pathology, and imaging of pulsed field ablation of scarred and healthy ventricles in swine","volume":"16","author":"Kawamura","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euac252","article-title":"In vivo pulsed-field ablation in healthy vs. chronically infarcted ventricular myocardium: biophysical and histologic characterization","volume":"25","author":"Sandhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1007\/s13239-022-00634-2","article-title":"Surgical ablation of cardiac tissue with nanosecond pulsed electric fields in swine","volume":"14","author":"Varghese","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Eng Technol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.15734","article-title":"Characteristics of pulsed electric field cardiac ablation porcine treatment zones with a focal catheter","volume":"34","author":"Verma","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2024.07.002","article-title":"Focal monopolar pulsed field ablation from within the great cardiac vein for idiopathic premature ventricular contractions after failed radiofrequency ablation","volume":"21","author":"Chaldoupi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae220","article-title":"Application repetition and electrode-tissue contact result in deeper lesions using a pulsed-field ablation circular variable loop catheter","volume":"26","author":"Di Biase","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.123.012717","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation index-guided ablation for lesion formation: impact of contact force and number of applications in the ventricular model","volume":"17","author":"Di Biase","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.16208","article-title":"Catheter-tissue contact optimizes pulsed electric field ablation with a large area focal catheter","volume":"35","author":"Doshi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.24220","article-title":"A novel contact force sensing pulsed field ablation catheter in a porcine model","volume":"47","author":"Hua","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32063","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-83683-y","article-title":"Biophysics and electrophysiology of pulsed field ablation in normal and infarcted porcine cardiac ventricular tissue","volume":"14","author":"Miklav\u010di\u010d","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e012814","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.124.012814","article-title":"Evaluation of ablation parameters to predict irreversible lesion size during pulsed field ablation","volume":"17","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.123.012026","article-title":"Effects of contact force on lesion size during pulsed field catheter ablation: histochemical characterization of ventricular lesion boundaries","volume":"17","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.124.012854","article-title":"Ablating myocardium using nanosecond pulsed electric fields: preclinical assessment of feasibility, safety, and durability","volume":"17","author":"Nies","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.124.012734","article-title":"Preclinical study of pulsed field ablation of difficult ventricular targets: intracavitary Mobile structures, interventricular septum, and left ventricular free wall","volume":"17","author":"Nies","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.09.015","article-title":"Efficacy of pulsed field vs radiofrequency for the reablation of chronic radiofrequency ablation substrate: redo pulsed field ablation","volume":"10","author":"Younis","year":"2024","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2024.04.025","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of pulsed field ablation versus radiofrequency ablation of idiopathic LV arrhythmias","volume":"10","author":"Younis","year":"2024","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.123.012723","article-title":"Impact of contact force on pulsed field ablation outcomes using focal point catheter","volume":"17","author":"Younis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-023-01714-6","article-title":"A novel pulsed field ablation system using linear and spiral ablation catheters can create large and durable endocardial and epicardial ventricular lesions in vivo","volume":"68","author":"Aryana","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2024.11.036","article-title":"The performance of a new nanosecond pulsed-field ablation surgical clamp in the ablation of cardiac tissue: a chronic porcine model","volume":"170","author":"Dunnington","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hroo.2025.05.026","article-title":"Impact of electrode\u2013tissue proximity on formation of pulsed field ablation lesions: using multi-electrode impedance measurements","volume":"6","author":"Groen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm O2"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.16581","article-title":"Effects of in vivo contact force on pulsed-field ablation efficacy in porcine ventricles","volume":"36","author":"Koya","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.02.017","article-title":"Dose-dependent ventricular lesion formation using a novel large-area pulsed field ablation catheter: a preclinical feasibility study","volume":"22","author":"Kueffer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.125.077025","article-title":"High-voltage focal pulsed field ablation to treat scar-related ventricular tachycardia: the first-in-human VCAS trial","volume":"152","author":"Reddy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.125.014006","article-title":"Modified unipolar return pulsed field ablation in ventricular myocardium","volume":"18","author":"Terricabras","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.124.013143","article-title":"Effect of sequential, colocalized radiofrequency and pulsed field ablation on cardiac lesion size and histology","volume":"18","author":"Verma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2024.10.059","article-title":"Feasibility and safety of pulsed field ablation at the ventricular outflow tract using focal point catheter","volume":"22","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2023.07.062","article-title":"Pulsed-field ablation vs radiofrequency ablation for ventricular tachycardia: first in-human case of histologic lesion analysis","volume":"20","author":"Adrag\u00e3o","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.16002","article-title":"First worldwide use of pulsed-field ablation for ventricular tachycardia ablation via a retrograde approach","volume":"34","author":"Martin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-023-01534-8","article-title":"First in human focal pulsed field ablation to treat an epicardial VT focus with an endocardial approach in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy","volume":"66","author":"Weyand","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-022-01407-6","article-title":"First in human pulsed field ablation to treat scar-related ventricular tachycardia in ischemic heart disease: a case report","volume":"66","author":"Ouss","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B56","article-title":"Flowerpower: pulsed field ablation of ventricular tachycardia in a patient with anomaly","volume":"7","author":"Krause","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Case Rep"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.03.024","article-title":"Case series of ventricular tachycardia ablation with pulsed-field ablation: pushing technology further (Into the Ventricle)","volume":"9","author":"Lozano-Granero","year":"2023","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2023.05.019","article-title":"Focal pulsed field electroporation of left ventricular premature contractions after failed radiofrequency ablation","volume":"9","author":"Hansen","year":"2023","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.124.012992","article-title":"Elimination of epicardial scar-related ventricular tachycardia with endocardial pulsed field ablation: first clinical report","volume":"17","author":"Aguilera","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2024.08.012","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation for refractory ventricular arrhythmias in patients with left ventricular assist devices","volume":"10","author":"Benali","year":"2024","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2024.08.021","article-title":"Pulsed field epicardial ablation for VT storm: a case report of bailout therapy","volume":"22","author":"Yokoyama","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2024.04.081","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation for incessant scar-related ventricular tachycardia: first US report","volume":"21","author":"Katrapati","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccas.2024.102356","article-title":"Sequential unipolar biventricular pulsed field ablation for refractory intramural septal ventricular tachycardia","volume":"29","author":"Cesp\u00f3n-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2024","journal-title":"JACC Case Rep"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.12.005","article-title":"Pulsed field mapping of ventricular tachycardia: verifying the ablation target at a critical location","volume":"10","author":"Nies","year":"2024","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hroo.2024.09.016","article-title":"Ventricular tachycardia: focal pulsed field electroporation as a rescue therapy","volume":"5","author":"Santos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm O2"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-024-01962-0","article-title":"First dual-energy (radiofrequency and pulsed-field ablation) successful bailout VT ablation despite coronary laceration","author":"Steyer","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2024.12.033","article-title":"Catheter-based disarticulation of the epicardial right ventricular free wall with endocardial pulsed field ablation in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy","volume":"22","author":"Kiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2230","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.16418","article-title":"Ventricular tachycardia ablation with pentaspline pulsed field technology in two patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy","volume":"35","author":"Fassini","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2024.11.018","article-title":"Rescuing failed radiofrequency ablation: pulsed field ablation in ventricular tachycardia","volume":"11","author":"Prajapati","year":"2025","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae193","article-title":"A large footprint focal catheter toggling between pulsed field and radiofrequency energy: first clinical experience for ventricular tachycardia ablation","volume":"26","author":"Pannone","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae275","article-title":"Mapping and ablation of ventricular tachycardia using dual-energy lattice-tip focal catheter: early feasibility and safety study","volume":"26","author":"Peichl","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2024.10.067","article-title":"Ablation of premature ventricular complexes originating from papillary muscle using pulsed field energy: the first in USA experience","volume":"22","author":"Muthu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B73","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation as a feasible option for the treatment of epicardial left ventricular summit premature complex foci near the coronary arteries: a case report","volume":"8","author":"Spenkelink","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Case Rep"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.16195","article-title":"Ablation of epicardial ventricular focus through coronary sinus using pulsed-field ablation. A case report","volume":"35","author":"Mestrovic","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.124.012826","article-title":"Focal pulsed field ablation for premature ventricular contractions: a multicenter experience","volume":"17","author":"Della Rocca","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.01.016","article-title":"De novo ventricular tachycardia ablation with stacked pulsed-field and radiofrequency energy via a dual-energy lattice-tipped catheter","volume":"11","author":"Mannion","year":"2025","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.02.006","article-title":"Pulsed-field ablation in a patient with ventricular arrhythmia storm receiving mechanical circulatory support","volume":"11","author":"Hanley","year":"2025","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-025-02068-x","article-title":"Epicardial ventricular tachycardia ablation with a pentaspline catheter during left ventricular assist device placement","volume":"69","author":"Payne","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B79","article-title":"Emergency pulsed-field ablation as a bail-out strategy for refractory incessant VT","volume":"30","author":"Ollitrault","year":"2025","journal-title":"JACC Case Rep"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-025-02072-1","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation of ventricular arrhythmias arising from intracavitary structures: insights from a clinical case series","volume":"68","author":"De Silva","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.02.014","article-title":"Feasibility and midterm effectiveness of focal pulsed field ablation for ventricular arrhythmias","volume":"23","author":"Ruwald","year":"2026","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.06.006","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation with a pentaspline catheter for ventricular arrhythmias: first US series","volume":"22","author":"Younis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2025.04.013","article-title":"Purkinje-related ventricular fibrillation ablation: first results with pulsed field ablation using a lattice-tip catheter","volume":"11","author":"Arnaud","year":"2025","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1631253","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation for ventricular arrhythmias with pentaspline catheter","volume":"12","author":"Padisak","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euaf139","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of a lattice-tip catheter for ventricular arrhythmia ablation: the AFFERA Ventricular Arrhythmia Ablation Registry (AVAAR)","volume":"27","author":"Sacher","year":"2025","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B86","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation as a bailout for ventricular tachycardia ablation: a case report","volume":"9","author":"Verhaeghe","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Case Rep"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.01.013","article-title":"Successful ablation of premature ventricular complexes arising from the posteromedial papillary muscle using Pulse Field Ablation","volume":"11","author":"Vasquez","year":"2025","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.008","article-title":"De novo ablation of premature ventricular complexes originating from posteromedial papillary muscle with pulsed-field energy using a Pentaspline catheter: the first case series in the United States","volume":"11","author":"Shokr","year":"2025","journal-title":"HeartRhythm Case Rep"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B89","article-title":"Use of a focal pulsed field ablation catheter to target premature ventricular contractions from the papillary muscle","volume":"30","author":"Saleem","year":"2025","journal-title":"JACC Case Rep"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-025-02098-5","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation for idiopathic premature ventricular complexes: evaluation of acute and chronic lesion characteristics with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"69","author":"Cai","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2024.12.022","article-title":"Targeting the left ventricular summit: pulsed field ablation for refractory premature ventricular complexes","volume":"11","author":"Benali","year":"2025","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B92","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of focal pulsed-field ablation for ventricular arrhythmias: two-centre experience","volume":"26","author":"Peichl","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euaf055","article-title":"Epicardial ventricular arrhythmia ablation: a clinical consensus statement of the European Heart Rhythm Association of the European Society of Cardiology and the Heart Rhythm Society, the Asian Pacific Heart Rhythm Society, the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society, and the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society","volume":"27","author":"Arya","year":"2025","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.04.035","article-title":"Evaluation of ablation catheter technology: comparison between thigh preparation model and an in vivo beating heart","volume":"14","author":"Leshem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2024.04.003","article-title":"Direct epicardial validation of posterior wall electroporation in persistent atrial fibrillation","volume":"10","author":"Solimene","year":"2024","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euaf278","article-title":"Assessment of temperature dynamics in pulsed field ablation with a variable-loop circular catheter: a comparative analysis of waveform configurations and irrigation rates in specimens of bovine ventricular myocardium","volume":"27","author":"Zito","year":"2025","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.125.014799","article-title":"Maximizing lesion depth with the lattice-tip catheter: a preclinical comparison of single, double, and mixed pulsed-field and radiofrequency applications","volume":"19","author":"Watanabe","year":"2026","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11216583","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of catheter ablation for premature ventricular complexes in the modern era: the importance of localization and substrate","volume":"11","author":"Gulletta","year":"2022","journal-title":"JCM"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B99","first-page":"2194","article-title":"Complications associated with pulsed field ablation vs radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation","volume":"22","author":"Cho","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026091421165869200_euag221-B100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2025.03.014","article-title":"Effect of pulsed-field ablation on human coronary arteries","volume":"11","author":"Tam","year":"2025","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"}],"container-title":["Europace"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/europace\/euag221\/70707070\/euag221.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/article-pdf\/28\/9\/euag221\/70707070\/euag221.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/article-pdf\/28\/9\/euag221\/70707070\/euag221.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T01:17:13Z","timestamp":1789435033000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/europace\/euag221\/8765851"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/europace\/euag221","relation":{},"ISSN":["1099-5129","1532-2092"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1099-5129","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2092","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"article-number":"euag221"}}