{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T09:19:12Z","timestamp":1791537552743,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,7]],"date-time":"2019-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Gerda M\u00fcller Weber-Foundation\/German Heart Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atrial fibrosis contributes to arrhythmogenesis in atrial fibrillation and can be detected by MRI or electrophysiological mapping. The current study compares the spatial correlation between delayed enhancement (DE) areas to low-voltage areas (LVAs) and to arrhythmogenic areas with spatio-temporal dispersion (ST-Disp) or continuous activity (CA) in atrial fibrillation (AF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixteen patients with persistent AF (nine long-standing) underwent DE-magnetic resonance imaging (1.25 mm \u00d7 1.25 mm \u00d7 2.5 mm) prior to pulmonary vein isolation. Left atrial (LA) voltage mapping was acquired in AF and the regional activation patterns of 7680 AF wavelets were analysed. Sites with ST-Disp or CA were characterized (voltage, duration) and their spatial relationship to DE areas and LVAs &lt;0.5 mV was assessed. Delayed enhancement areas and LVAs covered 55% and 24% (P &lt; 0.01) of total LA surface, respectively. Delayed enhancement area was present at 61% of LVAs, whereas low voltage was present at 28% of DE areas. Most DE areas (72%) overlapped with atrial high-voltage areas (&gt;0.5 mV). Spatio-temporal dispersion and CA more frequently co-localized with LVAs than with DE areas (78% vs. 63%, P = 0.02). Regional bipolar voltage of ST-Disp vs. CA was 0.64\u2009\u00b1\u20090.47 mV vs. 0.58\u2009\u00b1\u20090.51 mV. All 28 ST-Disp and 56 CA areas contained electrograms with prolonged duration (115\u2009\u00b1\u200914 ms) displaying low voltage (0.34\u2009\u00b1\u20090.11 mV).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A small portion of DE areas and LVAs harbour the arrhythmogenic areas displaying ST-Disp or CA. Most arrhythmogenic activities co-localized with LVAs, while there was less co-localization with DE areas. There is an important mismatch between DE areas and LVAs which needs to be considered when used as target for catheter ablation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euz159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,20]],"date-time":"2019-05-20T15:18:01Z","timestamp":1558365481000},"page":"1484-1493","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Extent and spatial distribution of left atrial arrhythmogenic sites, late gadolinium enhancement at magnetic resonance imaging, and low-voltage areas in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: comparison of imaging vs. electrical parameters of fibrosis and arrhythmogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Juan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Department, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Department, the First Peopl\u00e9s Hospital of Jingmen, Jingmen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Arentz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Department, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hubert","family":"Cochet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Universit\u00e9, Pessac-Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Cardiac Electrophysiology and Cardiac Stimulation Team, Pessac, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"M\u00fcller-Edenborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Department, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abbott Medical Inc., Department of Cardiac Arrhythmia, St. Paul, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoraida","family":"Moreno-Weidmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Department, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Minners","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Department, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Centre Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heiko","family":"Lehrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Department, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juergen","family":"Allgeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Department, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dietmar","family":"Trenk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Department, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meleze","family":"Hocini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Universit\u00e9, Pessac-Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Cardiac Electrophysiology and Cardiac Stimulation Team, Pessac, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Jais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Universit\u00e9, Pessac-Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Cardiac Electrophysiology and Cardiac Stimulation Team, Pessac, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Haissaguerre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Universit\u00e9, Pessac-Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Cardiac Electrophysiology and Cardiac Stimulation Team, Pessac, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6402-2845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir","family":"Jadidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Department, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019101107584896100_euz159-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005421","article-title":"Driver domains in persistent atrial fibrillation","volume":"130","author":"Haissaguerre","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2019101107584896100_euz159-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.05.022","article-title":"Treatment of atrial fibrillation by the ablation of localized sources: CONFIRM (Conventional Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation With 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