{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:09:34Z","timestamp":1790467774123,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,17]],"date-time":"2021-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Antibiotic consumption has been reported to be driven by the treatment of respiratory tract infections. Our objectives were to describe the trend of antibiotic consumption in France compared with that of other European countries; to describe the evolution of each antibiotic class in France; and to explore the relationship between antibiotic consumption and incidence of influenza-like illnesses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this observational study, antibiotic consumption was reported as defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day in the community and hospital sectors in descriptive and graphical formats, using data from the European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption Network database. The total consumption and the consumption of different classes of antibiotics in France according to time and influenza-like illnesses were studied using multiple linear regression models.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The total consumption of antibiotics in France was constant over the 15\u2009years. It was driven by the community sector (92.8%) and was higher than the consumption of other European Union countries (P-value\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). The beta-lactam penicillins were the most consumed antibiotic class and the only class that increased with time. The multiple linear regression models showed a positive correlation between antibiotic consumption in the community sector and incidence of influenza-like illnesses [B\u2009=\u20090.170, 95% CI (0.088\u20130.252)]. Similar significant results were shown between other antibiotic classes used in the management of influenza-like illnesses (other beta-lactams, and macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins) and influenza-like illnesses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our results suggest that antibiotics used in the management of respiratory tract infections might be involved in the irrational use of antibiotics.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckab143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]],"date-time":"2021-09-14T19:54:56Z","timestamp":1631649296000},"page":"1137-1143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Trend of antibiotic consumption and its association with influenza-like illnesses in France between 2004 and 2018"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Sally","family":"Yaacoub","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EA 7379 EpiDermE Group, Paris-Est Creteil University, Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilie","family":"Lanoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France"},{"name":"Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Paris-Saclay University, Paris-Sud Univ., UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9142-6303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karima","family":"Hider-Mlynarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ANSM, Saint Denis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon"},{"name":"INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Epid\u00e9miologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon"},{"name":"Faculty of Public Health, CERIPH (Center for Research in Public Health), Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Maison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EA 7379 EpiDermE Group, Paris-Est Creteil University, Creteil, France"},{"name":"ANSM, Saint Denis, France"},{"name":"CHI Creteil, Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120504125033900_ckab143-B1","year":"2018"},{"key":"2021120504125033900_ckab143-B2","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021120504125033900_ckab143-B3","year":"2019"},{"key":"2021120504125033900_ckab143-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics2020316","article-title":"Prescriber and patient 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