{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T22:36:44Z","timestamp":1792103804799,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003510","name":"Estonian Ministry of Education and Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["IUT34-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IUT34-17"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003510","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1DP1DA039542"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1DP1DA039542"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>People who inject drugs (PWID) are a key population for the prevention and care of HIV infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This scoping review covers recent (post-2010) systematic reviews on engagement of PWID in sequential stages of HIV care from uptake, to achieving viral suppression, and to avoiding AIDS-related mortality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We found that data on engagement of PWID into antiretroviral therapy (ART) were particularly scarce, but generally indicated very low engagement in ART. Studies of adherence and achieving viral suppression showed varying results, with PWID sometimes doing as well as other patient groups. The severity of social, medical and psychiatric disability in this population poses significant treatment challenges and leads to a marked gap in AIDS mortality between PWID and other population groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Given the multi-level barriers, it will be difficult to reach current targets (UNAIDS fast-track targets of 95\u201395\u201395) for ART for PWID in many locations. We suggest giving priority to reducing the likelihood that HIV seropositive PWID will transmit HIV to others and reducing morbidity and mortality from HIV infection and from other comorbidities.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckad008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T00:20:05Z","timestamp":1675297205000},"page":"381-388","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["HIV treatment, antiretroviral adherence and AIDS mortality in people who inject drugs: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4036-3856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anneli","family":"Uusk\u00fcla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu , Tartu, Estonia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Feelemyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Global Public Health, New York University , New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Don C","family":"Des Jarlais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Global Public Health, New York University , New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023060120110347300_ckad008-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2016.05.004","article-title":"Survival rate of AIDS disease and mortality in HIV-infected patients: a meta-analysis","volume":"139","author":"Poorolajal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"2023060120110347300_ckad008-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2366","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30701-9","article-title":"Successful treatment of HIV eliminates sexual transmission","volume":"393","author":"Cohen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2023060120110347300_ckad008-B3","author":"UNODC","year":"2020"},{"key":"2023060120110347300_ckad008-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1192","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30375-3","article-title":"Global prevalence of injecting drug use and sociodemographic characteristics and prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV in people who inject drugs: a multistage systematic review","volume":"5","author":"Degenhardt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2023060120110347300_ckad008-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1208","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30373-X","article-title":"Global, regional, and country-level coverage of interventions to prevent and manage HIV and hepatitis C among people who inject drugs: a systematic review","volume":"5","author":"Larney","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2023060120110347300_ckad008-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e434","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(20)30082-5","article-title":"HIV outbreaks among people who inject drugs in Europe, North America, and Israel","volume":"7","author":"Des Jarlais","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"2023060120110347300_ckad008-B7","author":"UNODC","year":"2017"},{"key":"2023060120110347300_ckad008-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e324","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(17)30086-3","article-title":"Improved life expectancy of people living with HIV: who is left behind?","volume":"4","author":"Katz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"2023060120110347300_ckad008-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu094","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected adults and adolescents: updated Guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes of Health, and HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"58","author":"Masur","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023060120110347300_ckad008-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-2094","article-title":"Association of viral suppression with lower AIDS-defining and non-AIDS-defining cancer incidence in HIV-infected veterans: a prospective cohort study","volume":"169","author":"Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2023060120110347300_ckad008-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2019.1673784","article-title":"People don't live on the care cascade: the life of the HIV care cascade as an international AIDS policy and its implications","volume":"15","author":"Seckinelgin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Glob Public Health"},{"key":"2023060120110347300_ckad008-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-018-0611-x","article-title":"Systematic review or scoping review? 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