{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T11:45:36Z","timestamp":1779104736790,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health of T\u00fcrkiye"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The long-standing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pandemic has proven difficult to resolve and is becoming more complex, especially in the context of increasing forced migration, with little evidence around patterns of AMR in migrant communities. This study aimed to determine the frequency in the carriage of common types of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria between Syrian refugees and the local communities in T\u00fcrkiye: extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We collected nasal swabs and stool samples from the study participants, the local community members, and refugees, between September 2020 and March 2021. We screened clinical samples for the presence of ESBL, MRSA and VRE. Antimicrobial-resistant bacterial isolates were tested by phenotypic analysis to determine the AMR status.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study included a total of 3960 participants: 1453 individuals in the local community (36.2%) and 2525 Syrian refugees (63.8%). Overall, a significantly greater proportion of refugees (6.7%) carried MRSA compared to the local community (3.2%) (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). The ESBL-positivity rate was 17.9% in Syrian refugees and 14.3% in the local community (P\u2009=\u20090.041). Carbapenemase activity was detected in three isolates from Syrian refugees. No VRE was detected in Syrian refugees or the local community.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This large, community-based study on the frequency and the distribution of AMR among Syrian refugees and the local population is the first study in T\u00fcrkiye.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckad119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T05:59:11Z","timestamp":1689746351000},"page":"809-814","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Community-acquired antimicrobial resistance among Syrian refugees and the local population in T\u00fcrkiye"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Serap S\u00fcz\u00fck","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Reference Laboratory and Biological Product, Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Public Health , Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Can H\u00fcseyin","family":"Hekimo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Reference Laboratory and Biological Product, Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Public Health , Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mustafa Bahad\u0131r","family":"Sucakl\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization, T\u00fcrkiye Country Office , Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zekiye","family":"Bakkalo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Reference Laboratory and Biological Product, Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Public Health , Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasemin Numano\u011flu","family":"\u00c7evik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Reference Laboratory and Biological Product, Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Public Health , Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zlem","family":"\u00dcnald\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Reference Laboratory and Biological Product, Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Public Health , Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hayal","family":"Arslant\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Reference Laboratory and Biological Product, Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Public Health , Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Zikusooka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health 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