{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T08:50:58Z","timestamp":1773391858097,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Social Fund, Operation Programme Employment","award":["CZ.03.2.63\/0.0\/0.0\/15_039\/0008171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.03.2.63\/0.0\/0.0\/15_039\/0008171"]}]},{"name":"EATRIS-CZ","award":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_013\/0001818"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_013\/0001818"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A population-based cervical cancer screening programme is implemented in the Czech Republic. However, participation is insufficient among women over 50\u2009years. This study aimed to estimate the potential improvement in participation through directly mailed HPV self-sampling kits (HPVssk) compared with standard invitation letters in women aged 50\u201365 non-participating in screening.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study recruited 1564 eligible women (no cervical cancer screening in the last 3\u2009years or more, no previous treatment associated with cervical lesions or cervical cancer). Eight hundred women were mailed with an HPVssk (HPVssk group), and 764 women were sent a standard invitation letter (control group) inviting them to a routine screening (Pap test). The primary outcome was a comparison of the overall participation rate between study groups using a binominal regression model.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The participation rate in the HPVssk group was 13.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 11.2\u201315.9%; 7.4% of women returned the HPVssk and 6.0% attended gynaecological examination] and 5.0% (95% CI 3.6\u20136.8%) in the control group. Using the binominal regression model, the difference between the groups was estimated as 7.6% (95% CI 5.0\u201310.2%; P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). In the HPVssk group, 22% of women who returned HPVssk had a positive result and 70% of them underwent a follow-up examination.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Compared with traditional invitation letters, the direct mailing of the HPVssk achieved a significantly higher participation rate, along with a notable HPV positivity rate among HPVssk responders. This approach offers a potentially viable method for engaging women who have not yet attended a cervical screening programme.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckad229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T14:32:57Z","timestamp":1705329177000},"page":"361-367","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Direct mailing of HPV self-sampling kits to women aged 50\u201365 non-participating in cervical screening in the Czech Republic"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Ond\u0159ej","family":"Ngo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic , Prague, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University , Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Chloupkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic , Prague, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University , Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Cibula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University , Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji\u0159\u00ed","family":"Sl\u00e1ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University , Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Mandelov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic , Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karel","family":"Hejduk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic , Prague, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University , Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari\u00e1n","family":"Hajd\u00fach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University , Olomouc, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Minka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RBP, Health Insurance Company , Ostrava, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vladim\u00edra","family":"Koudel\u00e1kov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University , Olomouc, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hana","family":"Jaworek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University , Olomouc, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc , Olomouc, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark\u00e9ta","family":"Trnkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unilabs Pathology K. 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