{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T20:26:44Z","timestamp":1778012804460,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012450","name":"Alcohol Change UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012450","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Alcohol-free drinks [beers, ciders, wines, and spirits containing &amp;lt;0.05% alcohol by volume (ABV)], and low-alcohol drinks (between 0.05% and 1.2% ABV) are increasingly available and may be used as a harm reduction measure. However, it is not known what pregnant women think and feel about these drinks and how regularly they are consumed before and during pregnancy. A cross-sectional online survey was developed and piloted. Women \u226518\u2009years in the UK who were pregnant, or recently pregnant, were recruited via targeted social media advertising. Of the 2092 respondents, 47.8% (n\u2009=\u20091001) were currently pregnant; 55.7% (n\u2009=\u20091167) were between 25 and 34\u2009years, 90.0% were White (n\u2009=\u20091881); 6.1% (n\u2009=\u2009128) were drinking alcohol at \u201cincreasing risk\u201d levels (&amp;gt;14 units\/week) before pregnancy. During pregnancy, 13.5% (n\u2009=\u2009282) consumed alcohol, which was more common in the increasing risk category (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.01). Alcohol-free or low-alcohol drinks were consumed by 71.3% (n\u2009=\u20091491) of respondents during pregnancy; 91.4% of the increasing risk category versus 69.9% of the lower risk category (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.01). The most common reasons for consuming alcohol-free or low-alcohol drinks were \u201cto choose a safer alternative\u201d (71.9%, n\u2009=\u20091073) and \u201cto feel included in social events involving alcohol\u201d (68.8%, n\u2009=\u20091026). More than half of respondents (56.7%) thought there was insufficient information available about consuming alcohol-free and low-alcohol drinks during pregnancy, with internet searching the primary source of information. Although alcohol-free and low-alcohol drinks are commonly consumed during pregnancy, there are some safety concerns. Their role as a harm reduction measure in those who are drinking alcohol at increasing risk levels prepregnancy needs further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckaf188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T10:50:20Z","timestamp":1762685420000},"page":"1248-1254","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The use of alcohol-free and low-alcohol drinks in pregnancy in the UK"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Kate","family":"Maslin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth , Devon,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Hopper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth , Devon,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust , Devon,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Shawe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth , Devon,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven , Leuven,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Royal Cornwall Hospital NHS Trust , Truro, Cornwall,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121620044906000_ckaf188-B1","author":"Department of Health and Social Care","year":"2018"},{"key":"2025121620044906000_ckaf188-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13930","article-title":"Characteristics of consumers of alcohol-free and low-alcohol drinks in great Britain: a cross-sectional study","volume":"43","author":"Perman-Howe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev"},{"key":"2025121620044906000_ckaf188-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13429","article-title":"Non-alcoholic beer in the European Union and UK: availability and apparent consumption","volume":"41","author":"Kokole","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev"},{"key":"2025121620044906000_ckaf188-B4","article-title":"Development of the alcohol-free and low-alcohol drinks market in great Britain from 2011 to 2022: narrative timelines based on a documentary review of off-trade retail magazines and market intelligence reports","author":"Critchlow","year":"2025","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev"},{"key":"2025121620044906000_ckaf188-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1111\/add.70041","article-title":"Current and future trends in the consumption, sale and purchasing of alcohol-free and low-alcohol products in great Britain, 2014 to 2023","volume":"120","author":"Wilson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"2025121620044906000_ckaf188-B6","volume-title":"Prevention of Harm Caused by Alcohol Exposure in Pregnancy: Rapid Review and Case Studies from Member States, World Health Organization","author":"Sch\u00f6lin","year":"2016"},{"key":"2025121620044906000_ckaf188-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e290","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30021-9","article-title":"Estimation of national, regional, and global prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy and fetal alcohol syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Popova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2025121620044906000_ckaf188-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2022.103357","article-title":"Women\u2019s views and experiences of occasional alcohol consumption 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