{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T02:02:50Z","timestamp":1789351370743,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Tampere University Hospital, Wellbeing services county of Pirkanmaa","award":["T63404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T63404"]}]},{"name":"Tampere University Hospital, Wellbeing services county of Pirkanmaa","award":["T67434"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T67434"]}]},{"name":"South Ostrobothnia, Sein\u00e4joki Central Hospital"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Despite the demonstrated safety of human papillomavirus vaccines, concerns have arisen regarding potential associations of human papillomavirus vaccination on reproductive health. The objective of this registry-based study was to compare overtime association of vaccination and early pregnancy outcomes. Twenty thousand four hundred twenty-six women born in 1992\u20131995, who participated in a Finnish community-randomized human papillomavirus vaccination trial, and age- and community-aligned unvaccinated controls born in 1990\u20131991 (n\u2009=\u200919\u2009473) were followed up for 11\u2009years. Data was obtained from the nationwide Finnish Care Register for Health Care. Incidence rates of adverse early pregnancy outcomes were compared between the human papillomavirus vaccinated and unvaccinated group. The mean age at first abnormal pregnancy result was 23.5\u2009years in the human papillomavirus vaccinated group and 22.2\u2009years in the unvaccinated group. 1.6% of human papillomavirus vaccinated women experienced a miscarriage compared with 5.3% of unvaccinated controls (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.0001). No miscarriages occurred in close temporal proximity to vaccination. Rates of ectopic pregnancies were low and comparable across all groups (0.6\u20131.0%). Among women with a history of abnormal pregnancy outcomes, 55.6% of human papillomavirus vaccinated individuals had at least one live birth, compared with 70.3% of unvaccinated women. Human papillomavirus vaccination was not associated with an increased risk of miscarriage or other adverse early pregnancy outcomes. These results provide reassurance that human papillomavirus vaccination is safe with respect to reproductive outcomes, supporting its continued use in adolescent and young adult populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckag102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T11:24:00Z","timestamp":1780313040000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long-term safety of human papillomavirus vaccination in relation to early pregnancy outcomes: registry-based follow-up of a community-randomized trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Tiina","family":"Koivisto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere University Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, , Tampere,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Tampere University Hospital Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tays Research Services, , Tampere,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Tampere University Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, , Tampere,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaisa","family":"Taavela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere University Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, , Tampere,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Tampere University Hospital Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, Tays Research Services, , Tampere,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Tampere University Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, , Tampere,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Sein\u00e4joki Central Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, , Sein\u00e4joki,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiina","family":"Eriksson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FICAN-Mid , Tampere,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Apter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VL-Medi Clinical Research Center , Helsinki,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matti","family":"Lehtinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institute Department of CLINTEC, , Stockholm,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1172-363X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Louvanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere University Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, , Tampere,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Tampere University Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, , Tampere,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091321114390400_ckag102-B1","first-page":"S1","article-title":"The epidemiology of genital human papillomavirus infection","volume":"24 Suppl 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A meta-analysis and systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Dousti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Midwifery"},{"key":"2026091321114390400_ckag102-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2019.1662363","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes after human papillomavirus vaccination in periconceptional period or during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"2026091321114390400_ckag102-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.06.073","article-title":"Maternal and infant outcomes following exposure to quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine during pregnancy","volume":"38","author":"Bukowinski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2026091321114390400_ckag102-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002694","article-title":"Risk of spontaneous abortion after inadvertent human papillomavirus vaccination in pregnancy","volume":"132","author":"Kharbanda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2026091321114390400_ckag102-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.12.019","article-title":"Characteristics of a cluster-randomized phase IV human papillomavirus vaccination effectiveness trial","volume":"33","author":"Lehtinen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2026091321114390400_ckag102-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31119","article-title":"Impact of gender-neutral or girls-only vaccination against human papillomavirus\u2014results of a community-randomized clinical trial (I)","volume":"142","author":"Lehtinen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2026091321114390400_ckag102-B24","volume-title":"Modern Epidemiology","author":"Rothman","year":"1998","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"2026091321114390400_ckag102-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2598691","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2025.2598691","article-title":"Human papillomavirus vaccinations\u2019 association to childbirth rates","volume":"22","author":"Koivisto","year":"2026","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"2026091321114390400_ckag102-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.07.024","article-title":"Risk of spontaneous abortion and other pregnancy outcomes in 15-25 year old women exposed to human papillomavirus-16\/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine in the United Kingdom","volume":"33","author":"Baril","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2026091321114390400_ckag102-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l869","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l869","article-title":"Role of maternal age and pregnancy history in risk of miscarriage: prospective register based study","volume":"364","author":"Magnus","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026091321114390400_ckag102-B28","author":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026091321114390400_ckag102-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.11.030","article-title":"Adverse pregnancy outcomes and infant mortality after quadrivalent HPV vaccination during pregnancy","volume":"37","author":"Faber","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2026091321114390400_ckag102-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000005346","article-title":"Prepregnancy healthy lifestyle and adverse pregnancy outcomes","volume":"142","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurpub\/article-pdf\/36\/5\/ckag102\/70621668\/ckag102.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurpub\/article-pdf\/36\/5\/ckag102\/70621668\/ckag102.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T01:11:51Z","timestamp":1789348311000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurpub\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/eurpub\/ckag102\/8759950"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurpub\/ckag102","relation":{},"ISSN":["1101-1262","1464-360X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1101-1262","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-360X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"article-number":"ckag102"}}