{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T21:08:39Z","timestamp":1788815319259,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":41,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Industry interference remains a major barrier to effective tobacco control. WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) Article 5.3 obliges Parties to protect public health policies from industry influence, yet systematic monitoring of interference is often lacking. The emergence of new nicotine products and actors further complicate implementation and monitoring. Within Joint Action PreventNCD, we assessed monitoring and information exchange practices related to tobacco and nicotine industry interference in five European countries (Belgium, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, and Slovenia). Partner organizations (n\u2009=\u20095) completed an online questionnaire (July\u2013September 2024) and the responses were descriptively analysed. To supplement the questionnaire data, we continued and expanded the search for recent interference examples until January 2025, covering examples from 2019 to 2024 through a review of publicly available sources; these were categorized by known interference tactics. Although all partners acknowledged the importance of monitoring, most countries lacked protocols, designated entities, or registries for industry interference. While some disclosure measures existed, such as policies requiring disclosure of meetings with industry and potential conflicts of interest, comprehensive safeguards were rare. Interference examples underscored the need for stronger monitoring, as known interference tactics\u2014lobbying, harm-reduction narratives, corporate social responsibility campaigns, and use of front groups\u2014were consistently employed, particularly around regulatory blind spots and new nicotine products. Systematic monitoring of tobacco and nicotine industry interference is essential to safeguard public health policies under WHO FCTC Article 5.3. Building national capacity, fostering collaboration between governments and civil society, and using international benchmarking tools are important steps toward this goal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckag131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T20:24:46Z","timestamp":1784665486000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From awareness to action: building monitoring capacity for tobacco and nicotine industry interference\u2014experience from the JA PreventNCD project"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7899-6499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taija","family":"Voutilainen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, THL, Healthcare and Social Welfare , Kuopio,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silke","family":"Cnockaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sciensano, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health , Brussels,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vi\u00f0ar","family":"Jensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Health, Iceland, DoHI, Public Health Division , Reykjavik,","place":["Iceland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zala","family":"Jeras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Public Health (Slovenia), NIJZ, Analysis and Health Development Centre, Risky Behaviour Department , Ljubljana,","place":["Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3339-8441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Koprivnikar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Public Health (Slovenia), NIJZ, Analysis and Health Development Centre, Risky Behaviour Department , Ljubljana,","place":["Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anneli","family":"Sammel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Estonian National Institute for Health Development, TAI, Drugs and Addictions Department , Tallin,","place":["Estonia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Vandevijvere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sciensano, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health , Brussels,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8814-1021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanna","family":"Ollila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, THL, Healthcare and Social Welfare , Helsinki,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B1","volume-title":"Protect People from Tobacco Smoke","author":"WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2023","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220268","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1220268","article-title":"Editorial: tobacco industry accountability\u2014current practices, emerging issues and challenges","volume":"11","author":"Goel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B3","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2003"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B4","author":"WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control DGO","year":"2013"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s12992-023-00936-7","article-title":"Advocacy counterstrategies to tobacco industry interference in policymaking: a scoping review of peer-reviewed literature","volume":"19","author":"Matthes","year":"2023","journal-title":"Global Health"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1136\/tc-2023-058254","article-title":"Lobbying against tobacco tax increases in France: arguments and strategies of the tobacco industry and tobacconists analysed through their trade press","volume":"34","author":"Millot","year":"2025","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001629","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001629","article-title":"Representation and misrepresentation of scientific evidence in contemporary tobacco regulation: a review of tobacco industry submissions to the UK government consultation on standardised packaging","volume":"11","author":"Ulucanlar","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"daae126","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daae126","article-title":"New image, same tactics: global tobacco and vaping industry strategies to promote youth vaping","volume":"39","author":"Watts","year":"2024","journal-title":"Health Promot Int"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"daae143","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daae143","article-title":"Resisting industry narratives: guidance to avoid tobacco and nicotine industry framing","volume":"39","author":"Maddox","year":"2024","journal-title":"Health Promot Int"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B10","author":"Greenwashing","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12994","DOI":"10.3390\/su132312994","article-title":"A review of environmental pollution from the use and disposal of cigarettes and electronic cigarettes: contaminants, sources, and impacts","volume":"13","author":"Beutel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3390\/environments12030072","article-title":"E-Cigarette and environment","volume":"12","author":"Constantin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environments"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2021-056687","article-title":"Evaluating tobacco industry \u2018transformation\u2019: a proposed rubric and analysis","volume":"31","author":"Edwards","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2021-057030","article-title":"Understanding the long-term policy influence strategies of the tobacco industry: two contemporary case studies","volume":"31","author":"Hird","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2021-056798","article-title":"\u2018Beyond nicotine\u2019 marketing strategies: big tobacco diversification into the vaping and cannabis product sectors","volume":"32","author":"Dewhirst","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2021-056552","article-title":"Moving targets: how the rapidly changing tobacco and nicotine landscape creates advertising and promotion policy challenges","volume":"31","author":"Ling","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B17","volume-title":"How the Tobacco Industry Captures Young Customers","author":"Hooking the Next Generation","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B18","volume-title":"A Focus on Adolescent Substance Use in Europe, Central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children International Report from the 2021\/2022 Survey. Vol. 3","author":"Charrier","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B19","author":"ESPAD Group","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B20","volume-title":"Novel and Emerging Nicotine and Tobacco products - Health Effects, Research Needs and Provisional Recommended Actions for Regulators","author":"WHO","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2014-051934","article-title":"SEATCA tobacco industry interference index: a tool for measuring implementation of WHO framework convention on tobacco control article 5.3","volume":"25","author":"Assunta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B22","volume-title":"Global Tobacco Industry Interference Index 2023","author":"Assunta","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B23","volume-title":"Global Tobacco Industry Interference Index 2025","author":"Assunta","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B24","first-page":"1","article-title":"Registered tobacco and vaping lobbying activity in Ireland, 2016\u20132024: the case for strengthening implementation of the framework convention of tobacco control article 5.3 to clear the path for tobacco endgame","volume":"0","author":"Hanrahan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e43","DOI":"10.26633\/RPSP.2024.43","article-title":"Tobacco industry strategies to influence the regulation of new and emerging tobacco and nicotine products in Latin America and the Caribbean","volume":"48","author":"Crosbie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev Panam Salud Publica"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2020-056057","article-title":"Creating a market for IQOS: analysis of Philip Morris\u2019 strategy to introduce heated tobacco products to the Australian consumer market","volume":"31","author":"Watts","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948251352040","article-title":"Scaling up non-communicable disease prevention and health promotion across Europe: the joint action PreventNCD","volume":"53","author":"Klepp","year":"2025","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948251387776","article-title":"Health and health equity in policymaking across sectors: identifying opportunities and challenges in implementing health in all policies","volume":"53","author":"Ollila","year":"2025","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8621","DOI":"10.34172\/ijhpm.8621","article-title":"How could we establish monitoring and surveillance of health-harming corporations and can governments Be trusted to do it?; comment on \u201cNational Public Health Surveillance of Corporations in Key Unhealthy Commodity Industries \u2013 a Scoping Review and Framework Synthesis","volume":"13","author":"Gilmore","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Health Policy Manag"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.18332\/tpc\/176336","article-title":"Big tobacco\u2019s dirty tricks: seven key tactics of the tobacco industry","volume":"9","author":"Gannon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tob Prev Cessat"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B31","volume-title":"The Tobacco Control Scale 2021 in Europe","author":"Joossens","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B32","author":"The pathway to a tobacco-free world: an interactive guide to the 2025 global tobacco epidemic report","year":"2026"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B33","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B34","author":"Directive 2014\/40\/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning the manufacture, presentation and sale of tobacco and related products and repealing Directive 2001\/37\/EC (Text with EEA relevance)","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B35","author":"Commission Delegated Directive (EU) 2022\/2100 of 29 June 2022 amending Directive 2014\/40\/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the withdrawal of certain exemptions in respect of heated tobacco products (Text with EEA relevance)","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B36","author":"Solimini","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B37","author":"JA PreventNCD","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-98985-9_13","volume-title":"Integrating Science and Politics for Public Health","author":"Cassola","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B39","author":"Midttun","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026090716333029400_ckag131-B40","author":"Olefir","year":"2023"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurpub\/article-pdf\/36\/4\/ckag131\/69721304\/ckag131.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurpub\/article-pdf\/36\/4\/ckag131\/69721304\/ckag131.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T20:33:43Z","timestamp":1788813223000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurpub\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/eurpub\/ckag131\/8739447"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurpub\/ckag131","relation":{},"ISSN":["1101-1262","1464-360X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1101-1262","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-360X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"article-number":"ckag131"}}