{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T12:15:48Z","timestamp":1777464948562,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,21]],"date-time":"2019-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (HUS) is a serious complication of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infection and the key reason why intensive health protection against STEC is required. However, although many potential risk factors have been identified, accurate estimation of risk of HUS from STEC remains challenging. Therefore, we aimed to develop a practical composite score to promptly estimate the risk of developing HUS from STEC.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This was a retrospective cohort study where data for all confirmed STEC infections in Ireland during 2013\u201315 were subjected to statistical analysis with respect to predicting HUS. Multivariable logistic regression was used to develop a composite risk score, segregating risk of HUS into \u2018very low risk\u2019 (0\u20130.4%), \u2018low risk\u2019 (0.5\u20130.9%), \u2018medium risk\u2019 (1.0\u20134.4%), \u2018high risk\u2019 (4.5\u20139.9%) and \u2018very high risk\u2019 (10.0% and over).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There were 1397 STEC notifications with complete information regarding HUS, of whom 5.1% developed HUS. Young age, vomiting, bloody diarrhoea, Shiga toxin 2, infection during April to November, and infection in Eastern and North-Eastern regions of Ireland, were all statistically significant independent predictors of HUS. Demonstration of a risk gradient provided internal validity to the risk score: 0.2% in the cohort with \u2018very low risk\u2019 (1\/430), 1.1% with \u2018low risk\u2019 (2\/182), 2.3% with \u2018medium risk\u2019 (8\/345), 3.1% with \u2018high risk\u2019 (3\/98) and 22.2% with \u2018very high risk\u2019 (43\/194) scores, respectively, developed HUS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We have developed a composite risk score which may be of practical value, once externally validated, in prompt estimation of risk of HUS from STEC infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckz132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T07:07:58Z","timestamp":1561705678000},"page":"861-868","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A practical composite risk score for the development of Haemolytic 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