{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T05:37:47Z","timestamp":1769837867783,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Measuring reproductive costs is crucial to understanding sexual conflict and its evolutionary outcomes. Sexual conflict is thought to originate from anisogamy\u2014the size difference between male and female gametes; if sperm are tiny and not produced in vastly greater numbers than eggs, at any mating females\u2019 gametic investment is larger than that of males. Testing this prediction has proven difficult, especially because males and females differ in many more traits than just gamete size. We overcame this difficulty by exposing simultaneously hermaphroditic polychaete worms Ophryotrocha diadema (two sexual functions in the same body) to two social conditions, pairs, and groups &amp;gt;2, where hermaphrodites invest either relatively more in the female function or relatively more in the male function, respectively. Then we measured four markers of cellular oxidative status, a physiological mediator of life-history strategies. Less female-biased hermaphrodites produced fewer eggs but, unexpectedly, had lower levels of antioxidant protection than more female-biased hermaphrodites, which produced more eggs. Male-biased hermaphrodites compete for mating as males (hermaphrodites in pairs do not) suggesting that in the short-term male competition might be costlier than egg production in terms of regulation of oxidative status. These results highlight the need of including behavioral traits, namely competition over egg fertilization, in the measures of reproductive costs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/evolut\/qpac042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T16:42:58Z","timestamp":1679071378000},"page":"199-209","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The oxidative cost of competing for egg fertilization exceeds the cost of egg production"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7364-729X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Lorenzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Ethologie Expe\u0301rimentale et Compare\u0301e, LEEC, Sorbonne Paris Nord University , 93430 Villetaneuse , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6533-2204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franco G","family":"Robles-Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Ethologie Expe\u0301rimentale et Compare\u0301e, LEEC, Sorbonne Paris Nord University , 93430 Villetaneuse , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8140-8790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Costantini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 Physiologie Mole\u0301culaire et Adaptation (PhyMA), Muse\u0301um National d\u2019Histoire Naturelle, CNRS , CP32, F-75005 Paris , France"},{"name":"Department of Ecological and Biological Science, Tuscia University, Largo dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 s.n.c. , 01100 Viterbo , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023031716425370300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2004.00594.x","article-title":"Increased susceptibility to oxidative stress as a proximate cost of reproduction","volume":"7","author":"Alonso-Alvarez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ecology Letters"},{"key":"2023031716425370300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1093\/biosci\/biw176","article-title":"The oxidative cost of reproduction: theoretical questions and alternative mechanisms","volume":"67","author":"Alonso-Alvarez","year":"2017","journal-title":"BioScience"},{"key":"2023031716425370300_","first-page":"20132482","article-title":"Energetics of the acrobatic courtship in male golden-collared manakins (Manacus vitellinus)","volume":"281","author":"Barske","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 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