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In this context, mouthpart shape and function are thought to correlate strongly with dietary niche and this was advocated for decades, e.g., for insects. Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, and allies) are a prominent case in this respect because mandible shape has been even used to predict feeding preferences. Here, we analyzed mandible shape, force transmission efficiency, and their potential correlation with dietary categories in a phylogenetic framework for 153 extant Orthoptera. The mechanical advantage profile was used as a descriptor of gnathal edge shape and bite force transmission efficiency in order to understand how mandible shape is linked to biting efficiency and diet, and how these traits are influenced by phylogeny and allometry. Results show that mandible shape, in fact, is a poor predictor of feeding ecology and phylogenetic history has a strong influence on gnathal edge shape. Being ancestrally phytophagous, Orthoptera evolved in an environment with food sources being always abundant so that selective pressures leading to more specialized mouthpart shapes and force transmission efficiencies were low.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/evolut\/qpae121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T07:22:48Z","timestamp":1726644168000},"page":"1958-1968","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Bite force transmission and mandible shape in grasshoppers, crickets, and allies is not driven by dietary niches"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1760-6669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carina","family":"Edel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bonn Institute for Organismic Biology, University of Bonn , Bonn ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2776-6172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter T","family":"R\u00fchr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bonn Institute for Organismic Biology, University of Bonn , Bonn ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melina","family":"Frenzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bonn Institute for Organismic Biology, University of Bonn , Bonn ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7390-1318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"van de Kamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Karlsruhe ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom\u00e1\u0161","family":"Farag\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Eggenstein-Lepoldshafen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6744-6811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00f6rg U","family":"Hammel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon , Geesthacht ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Wilde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon , Geesthacht 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