{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T06:56:21Z","timestamp":1775112981129,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Czech Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GA\u010cR 23\u201307347S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GA\u010cR 23\u201307347S"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Neuron Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sex determination was once thought to be unstable in ectothermic vertebrates, but several highly diversified groups of non-avian reptiles, such as iguanas sensu lato (Pleurodonta), appear to have conserved sex chromosomes. However, this statement has been criticized as being based on a parsimonious conclusion from limited sampling. Here, we tested sex chromosome homology in a further 35 species of pleurodont lizards, mainly of the family Anolidae. We demonstrated sex chromosome homology based on the comparison of the gene dosage of X-specific genes by quantitative PCR. Including these new data, the homology of sex chromosomes has so far been reported in 92 out of over 1,200 recently recognized species of Pleurodonta. The very conserved sex chromosomes in all but one family are at least as old as the basal split of Pleurodonta (estimated over 90 million years). In the case of the family Corytophanidae, all genera share different XX\/XY sex chromosomes, which are thus over 25 million years old. We discuss the efficiency and limitations of the approach used for tests of the homology of sex chromosomes, as well as the reasons for the evolutionary stability of sex chromosomes in some lineages. We argue that to obtain a complete picture, all extant species should be tested for homology; however, until we reach this ambitious goal, parsimonious estimates in lineages where fragmentary data suggest stability of sex chromosomes, as in Pleurodonta, are substantiated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/evolut\/qpag014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T12:43:33Z","timestamp":1769777013000},"page":"872-879","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring the stability of sex chromosome systems in\n                    <i>Anolis<\/i>\n                    and other iguanas"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7193-8918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Altmanov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Charles University Department of Ecology, , Prague ,","place":["Czech Republic"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences , Lib\u011bchov ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2320-3412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roel M","family":"Wouters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Charles University Department of Ecology, , Prague ,","place":["Czech Republic"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences , Lib\u011bchov ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8053-3373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abel","family":"Batista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Interdisciplinario de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n (i4), Vicerrector\u00eda de Investigaci\u00f3n y Posgrado, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chiriqu\u00ed , David, Chiriqu\u00ed ,","place":["Panam\u00e1"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom\u00e1\u0161","family":"Pe\u0161","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoological and Botanical Garden Plze\u0148 , Plze\u0148 ,","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8231-326X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristopher A","family":"Ant\u00fanez-Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria , Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Centro Zamorano de Biodiversidad, Escuela Agr\u00edcola Panamericana Zamorano , Valle de Yeguare, Francisco Moraz\u00e1n ,","place":["Honduras"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3258-0179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro 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,","place":["Guatemala"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Chinchilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Estudios Ambientales y Biodiversidad, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala , Ciudad de Guatemala ,","place":["Guatemala"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6955-4605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle","family":"Quiroz-Espinoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Interdisciplinario de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n (i4), Vicerrector\u00eda de Investigaci\u00f3n y Posgrado, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chiriqu\u00ed , David, Chiriqu\u00ed ,","place":["Panam\u00e1"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1466-2705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tade\u00e1\u0161","family":"Venkrbec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, 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