{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:56:21Z","timestamp":1753876581351,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"ZonMw","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Anorectal Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) may be clinically relevant for women in general practice. Although anorectal CT testing in this setting may prevent underdiagnosis and undertreatment, its feasibility is questioned as GPs currently rarely order anorectal CT tests, for yet unknown reasons.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To explore the feasibility of anorectal CT testing in women in general practice.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>GPs across the Netherlands were invited directly (n = 1481) and by snowball sampling (n = 330) to join an online cross-sectional survey that asked about the acceptability of and barriers for (standard) anorectal testing in women during CT-related consultations. Data were analysed with univariable and multivariable logistic regression models.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The questionnaire was opened by 514 respondents (28%, 514\/1811) and 394 fully completed it. GPs\u2019 acceptability of anorectal testing by either self-sampling or provider-sampling was high (86%). Twenty-eight percent of GPs felt neutral, and 43% felt accepting towards standard anorectal testing. Nevertheless, 40% of GPs had never tested for anorectal CT in women, which was associated with a reported difficulty in asking about anal sex (odds ratio [OR]: 3.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21\u20137.80), infrequency of anal sexual history taking (OR: 11.50, 95% CI: 6.39\u201320.72), low frequency of urogenital CT testing (OR 3.44, 95%-CI: 1.86\u20136.38) and with practicing in a non-urban area (OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.48\u20133.48). Acceptability of anorectal testing was not associated with the studied factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This quantitative survey shows that anorectal CT testing is feasible based on its acceptability, but is likely hindered by a lower awareness of (anorectal) CT in GPs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmab036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T19:12:50Z","timestamp":1617131570000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Feasibility of anorectal chlamydia testing in women: a cross-sectional survey among general practitioners"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0347-7544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raissa T","family":"Derckx","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sygriet","family":"Rinsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole H T M","family":"Dukers-Muijrers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health, South Limburg Public Health Service, AA Heerlen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"AB","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic General Practitioners practice Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"van Bergen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice, Amsterdam University Medical Centre location AMC, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Soa Aids Nederland, AX Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eefje","family":"de Bont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1815-0974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian J P A","family":"Hoebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health, South Limburg Public Health Service, AA Heerlen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Social Medicine and Medical Microbiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jochen W L","family":"Cals","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2021070818540244100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2017-053161","article-title":"Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in rectal specimens in women and its association with anal intercourse: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"94","author":"Chandra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021070818540244100_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix243","article-title":"High proportion of anorectal Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae after routine universal urogenital and anorectal screening in women visiting the sexually transmitted infection clinic","volume":"64","author":"van Liere","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021070818540244100_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-274","article-title":"High co-occurrence of anorectal chlamydia with urogenital chlamydia in women visiting an STI clinic revealed by routine universal testing in an observational study; 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