{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T20:54:16Z","timestamp":1761598456248,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Academic Clinical Lecturer","award":["SPCR2014-10043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPCR2014-10043"]}]},{"name":"MRC Epidemiology Unit programme","award":["MC_UU_12015\/4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MC_UU_12015\/4"]}]},{"name":"NHS"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FS\/14\/55\/30806"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FS\/14\/55\/30806"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C5255\/A18085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C5255\/A18085"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Cancer Research UK Oxford Centre"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Concerns have been raised that angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitors (ACE-I) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) might facilitate transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 leading to more severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) disease and an increased risk of mortality. We aimed to investigate the association between ACE-I\/ARB treatment and risk of death amongst people with COVID-19 in the first 6 months of the pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified a cohort of adults diagnosed with either confirmed or probable COVID-19 (from 1 January to 21 June 2020) using computerized medical records from the Oxford-Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) primary care database. This comprised 465 general practices in England, United Kingdom with a nationally representative population of 3.7 million people. We constructed mixed-effects logistic regression models to quantify the association between ACE-I\/ARBs and all-cause mortality among people with COVID-19, adjusted for sociodemographic factors, comorbidities, concurrent medication, smoking status, practice clustering, and household number.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 9,586 COVID-19 cases in the sample and 1,463 (15.3%) died during the study period between 1 January 2020 and 21 June 2020. In adjusted analysis ACE-I and ARBs were not associated with all-cause mortality (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85\u20131.21 and OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.67\u20131.07, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Use of ACE-I\/ARB, which are commonly used drugs, did not alter the odds of all-cause mortality amongst people diagnosed with COVID-19. Our findings should inform patient and prescriber decisions concerning continued use of these medications during the pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmac094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,25]],"date-time":"2022-08-25T05:58:01Z","timestamp":1661407081000},"page":"330-337","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Mortality from angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in people infected with COVID-19: a cohort study of 3.7 million people"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0175-443X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hajira","family":"Dambha-Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Southampton , Southampton , United 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Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4974-3724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Joy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Surrey , Surrey , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Feher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5432-7437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beth","family":"Stuart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Southampton , Southampton , United 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