{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T21:20:51Z","timestamp":1753737651324,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Tropical Medical Training"},{"name":"Synergy Regional Training Organisation"},{"name":"Australian Department of Health and Aged Care"},{"name":"Eastern Victoria General Practice Training"},{"name":"General Practice Training Tasmania"},{"name":"Australian Department of Health"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Centre for Research Excellence in Minimising Antibiotic Resistance in the Community"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Antibiotics provide minimal benefit for sore throat, otitis media, and sinusitis. Antibiotic stewardship, with reduced prescribing, is required to address antibiotic resistance. As most antibiotic prescribing occurs in general practice and prescribing habits develop early, general practitioner (GP) trainees (registrars) are important for effective antibiotic stewardship.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To establish temporal trends in Australian registrars\u2019 antibiotic prescribing for acute sore throat, acute otitis media, and acute sinusitis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A longitudinal analysis of data from the Registrar Clinical Encounters in Training (ReCEnT) study from 2010 to 2019.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>ReCEnT is an ongoing cohort study of registrars\u2019 in-consultation experiences and clinical behaviours. Pre-2016, 5 of 17 Australian training regions participated. From 2016, 3 of 9 regions (42% of Australian registrars) participate.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The outcome was prescription of an antibiotic for a new acute problem\/diagnosis of sore throat, otitis media, or sinusitis. The study factor was year (2010\u20132019).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Key results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Antibiotics were prescribed in 66% of sore throat diagnoses, 81% of otitis media, and in 72% of sinusitis. Prescribing frequencies decreased between 2010 and 2019 by 16% for sore throat (from 76% to 60%) by 11% for otitis media (from 88% to 77%) and by 18% for sinusitis (from 84% to 66%). In multivariable analyses, \u201cYear\u201d was associated with reduced prescribing for sore throat (OR 0.89; 95%CI 0.86\u20130.92; p &amp;lt; 0.001), otitis media (OR 0.90; 95%CI 0.86\u20130.94; p &amp;lt; 0.001), and sinusitis (OR 0.90; 95%CI 0.86, 0.94; p &amp;lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Registrars\u2019 prescribing rates for sore throat, otitis media, and sinusitis significantly decreased during the period 2010\u20132019. However, educational (and other) interventions to further reduce prescribing are warranted.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmad055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T03:43:56Z","timestamp":1684986236000},"page":"283-291","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Temporal patterns of antibiotic prescribing for sore throat, otitis media, and sinusitis: a longitudinal study of general practitioner registrars"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8558-5321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandria","family":"Turner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, General Practice Clinical Unit, The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia"},{"name":"NSW & ACT Research and Evaluation Unit, GP Synergy Regional Training Organisation , Newcastle , 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Synergy Regional Training Organisation , Newcastle , Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle , Callaghan , Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NSW & ACT Research and Evaluation Unit, GP Synergy Regional Training Organisation , Newcastle , Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle , Callaghan , Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Holliday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle , Callaghan , Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Ball","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Design and Statistical Support Unit (CReDITSS), Hunter Medical Research Institute , New Lambton Heights , 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of Newcastle , Callaghan , Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma J","family":"Baillie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, General Practice Clinical Unit, The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Spike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastern Victoria General Practice Training, Regional Training Organisation , Hawthorn , Australia"},{"name":"Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Melbourne , Carlton , Australia"},{"name":"School of Rural Health, Monash University , Clayton , Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Practice Training Tasmania, Regional Training Organisation , Hobart , 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