{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:20:39Z","timestamp":1783038039016,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":31,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006636","name":"Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\u201300750"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\u201300750"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006636","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Stockholm Region","award":["976944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["976944"]}]},{"name":"Stockholm Region","award":["989226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["989226"]}]},{"name":"Stockholm Region","award":["FoUI-1003429"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FoUI-1003429"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study aimed to describe proportions of patients with indications of alcohol consumption using phosphatidylethanol (PEth), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and its consumption-focused version (AUDIT-C), in relation to blood pressure (BP) control, overall and by sex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 270 hypertensive primary care patients (ICD-10: I10.9) were stratified into BP control groups: controlled (&amp;lt;140\/90\u2005mmHg), uncontrolled (\u2265140\/90\u2005mmHg), and apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH; \u2265140\/90\u2005mmHg with \u22653 antihypertensive drugs). A randomized sample from each stratum was invited, baseline data were collected. Alcohol consumption using predefined categories for PEth and AUDIT, and hazardous use (PEth \u2265 0.122\u2005\u00b5mol\/L; AUDIT \u2265 8; AUDIT-C \u2265 5 for men, \u22654 for women), were analyzed in relation to BP control groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mean age was 67 \u00b1 11 years; 42% were women. PEth indicated high and regular alcohol consumption in 6.4% of controlled, 5.3% of uncontrolled, and 19.2% of aTRH patients (controlled vs. aTRH, P = .027; uncontrolled vs. aTRH, P = .013). AUDIT showed no significant differences in hazardous use between BP groups (P = .865). AUDIT-C identified slightly higher proportions of hazardous use than PEth, across BP groups and sexes. No significant differences were found between BP groups for hazardous use by PEth (P = .339) or AUDIT-C (P = .150).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PEth revealed significantly higher alcohol use in the aTRH group, undetected by AUDIT. AUDIT-C and PEth identified more hazardous use than AUDIT, suggesting their potential to prompt alcohol-related discussions and support evidence-based hypertension care. PEth correlated more strongly with AUDIT-C than with AUDIT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospectively registered in Clinical Trials, SLSO2022-0143, 2022-12-10.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmaf097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T12:53:25Z","timestamp":1765284805000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hypertension and alcohol: a cross-sectional study comparing PEth with AUDIT and AUDIT-C in primary care"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6709-0886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c5sa","family":"Thurfjell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Karolinska 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