{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T23:39:34Z","timestamp":1793403574953,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]],"date-time":"2020-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011033","name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study evaluated the occurrence of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases (ESBL) and associated resistance genes, integrons, and plasmid types, as well as the genetic relatedness of enterobacterial isolates in the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of La Charguia, Tunis City (Tunisia). A total of 100 water samples were collected at different points of the sewage treatment process during 2017\u20132019. Antimicrobial susceptibility was conducted by the disc-diffusion method. blaCTX-M, blaTEM and blaSHV genes as well as those encoding non-\u03b2-lactam resistance, the plasmid types, occurrence of class1 integrons and phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli isolates were determined by PCR\/sequencing. Genomic relatedness was determined by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) for selected isolates. In total, 57 ESBL-producer isolates were recovered (47 E. coli, eight Klebsiella pneumoniae, 1 of the Citrobacter freundii complex and 1 of the Enterobacter cloacae complex). The CTX-M-15 enzyme was the most frequently detected ESBL, followed by CTX-M-27, CTX-M-55 and SHV-12. One E. coli isolate harboured the mcr-1 gene. The following phylogroups\/sequence types (STs) were identified among ESBL-producing E. coli isolates: B2\/ST131 (subclade-C1), A\/ST3221, A\/ST8900, D\/ST69, D\/ST2142, D\/ST38, B1\/ST2460 and B1\/ST6448. High numbers of isolates harboured the class 1 integrons with various gene cassette arrays as well as IncP-1 and IncFIB plasmids. Our findings confirm the importance of WWTPs as hotspot collectors of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae with a high likelihood of spread to human and natural environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/femsec\/fiaa231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]],"date-time":"2020-11-13T15:13:27Z","timestamp":1605280407000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Genetic characterization of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing\n                    <i>Enterobacteriaceae<\/i>\n                    from a biological industrial wastewater treatment plant in Tunisia with detection of the colistin-resistance\n                    <i>mcr<\/i>\n                    -1 gene"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Bilel","family":"Hassen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Tunis El Manar, Institut de la Recherche V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire de Tunisie, 20 rue Jebel Lakhdhar, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1006, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9673-193X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Salah","family":"Abbassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Tunis El Manar, Institut de la Recherche V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire de Tunisie, 20 rue Jebel Lakhdhar, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1006, Tunisia"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Tunis El Manar, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine de Tunis, Laboratoire de r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques LR99ES09, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Ruiz-Ripa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentaci\u00f3n, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logro\u00f1o, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olouwafemi M","family":"Mama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentaci\u00f3n, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logro\u00f1o, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chourouk","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Traitement et de Valorisation des rejets hydriques, Centre des Recherches et des Technologies des Eaux (CERTE), Technopole Borj-C\u00e9dria, BP 273, 8020, Soliman, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saloua","family":"Benlabidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Tunis El Manar, Institut de la Recherche V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire de Tunisie, 20 rue Jebel Lakhdhar, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1006, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdennaceur","family":"Hassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Traitement et de Valorisation des rejets hydriques, Centre des Recherches et des Technologies des Eaux (CERTE), Technopole Borj-C\u00e9dria, BP 273, 8020, Soliman, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3709-1690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentaci\u00f3n, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logro\u00f1o, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salah","family":"Hammami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de la Manouba, IRESA, \u00c9cole Nationale de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire de Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet 2020, Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021031110175911900_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2018.0305","article-title":"Plasmid replicons and \u03b2-Lactamase-encoding genes of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from 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