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Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), originating from the astragalus root, possesses multiple pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammation. However, the influences of AS-IV on H1N1-induced autophagy and inflammation have remained elusive. It has been reported that H1N1 infection leads to the accumulation of autophagosomes but obstructs autophagosomes incorporating into lysosomes, whereas the present study showed that AS-IV enhanced autophagy activation in H1N1 infection. Furthermore, we found that AS-IV promoted H1N1-triggered formation of autophagosomes and autolysosomes. Additionally, it was noted that AS-IV did not affect viral replication, mRNA level of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1\u03b2) and pro-IL-1\u03b2 protein level, but significantly decreased secretion of IL-1\u03b2, and chloroquine (CQ, as an inhibitor of autophagy) increased secretion of IL-1\u03b2 in H1N1 infection. In conclusion, AS-IV stimulates the formation of autophagosomes and the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes in H1N1 infection and may lead to decreased IL-1\u03b2 secretion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/femsle\/fnaa007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,11]],"date-time":"2020-01-11T12:11:57Z","timestamp":1578744717000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Astragaloside IV attenuates IL-1\u03b2 secretion by enhancing autophagy in H1N1 infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"367","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanju","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, 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