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This study investigated the presence of diarrheagenic, antimicrobial-resistant, and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli in free-range poultry products in a tropical region. MALDI-TOF\/VITEK\u00ae 2 system and PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) assays were used to detect E. coli, phenotypical antimicrobial resistance profile, virulence, and \u03b2-lactam genes. Escherichia coli was identified in 92.3% of poultry meat samples (24\/26) and 15.8% of egg samples (6\/38 pools). Of these isolates, 60% (18\/30) were characterized as diarrheagenic E. coli. The findings revealed a high prevalence of diarrheagenic E. coli strains, including hybrid pathotypes (38.9%, 7\/18). Of the 30 (46.7%) E. coli strains, 14 strains showed phenotypic antimicrobial resistance, with 35.7% (5\/14) classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR). In addition, 26.7% (8\/30) showed phenotypic ESBL production, and 46.7% (14\/30) amplified \u03b2-lactam resistance genes. Our results highlight the potential contribution to foodborne diseases and emergence of antimicrobial resistance through the dissemination of diarrheagenic, MDR, and ESBL-producing E. coli. This underscores the urgent need to adopt a One Health approach that integrates human, animal, and environmental health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/femsle\/fnaf058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T12:30:52Z","timestamp":1749472252000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Diarrheagenic, multidrug-resistant, and ESBL-producing <i>Escherichia coli<\/i> in poultry products"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"372","author":[{"given":"Em\u00edlia","family":"Turlande","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Microbiology, Federal University of Bahia , Salvador, Bahia 40170-110 ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Bacterial Disease Laboratory, Federal University of Bahia , Salvador, Bahia 40170-110 ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Bahia Poultry Health Laboratory, Federal University of Bahia , Salvador, Bahia 40170-110 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Neves","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Bahia , Salvador, Bahia 40170-110 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucas Miranda","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia , Vit\u00f3ria da Conquista, Bahia 45029-094 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lia","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bahia Poultry Health Laboratory, Federal University of Bahia , Salvador, Bahia 40170-110 ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Federal University of Bahia Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, , Salvador, Bahia 40170-110 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