{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T15:38:13Z","timestamp":1792856293184,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001503","name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001503","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001503","name":"ICAR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001503","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>White grub (Holotrichia serrata F.) is a destructive soil-dwelling pest causing severe yield losses in several agricultural and horticultural crops. Owing to its subterranean habit, chemical control is often ineffective, necessitating sustainable biological alternatives. This study investigated the distribution of coleopteran-active cry genes among indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis strains and evaluated their insecticidal activity against H. serrata. A total of 100 indigenous B. thuringiensis strains isolated from the Western Ghats of India were screened using gene-specific PCR for 12 coleopteran-active cry genes. The most prevalent genes were cry7 (66%), cry26 (65%), cry1b (64%), and cry34 (63%), whereas cry8 and cry9 occurred in fewer than 10% of the isolates. Preliminary bioassays at 380 \u00b5g mL\u207b\u00b9 identified 20 strains causing &amp;gt; 50% larval mortality. Concentration-dependent bioassays showed that strain NBAIR Bt68 was the most virulent, causing 73% mortality with an LC\u2085\u2080 of 149.95 \u00b5g mL\u207b\u00b9. Highly toxic strains consistently possessed the cry7\u2013cry26\u2013cry34\u2013cry35 gene combination, whereas the total number of cry genes did not correlate with high insecticidal activity. Molecular profiling combined with bioassay evaluation identified indigenous B. thuringiensis strains with promising biocontrol potential and provides insights into the association between cry gene combinations and insecticidal activity against H. serrata.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/femsle\/fnag126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T11:34:37Z","timestamp":1791891277000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Coleopteran active\u00a0\n                    <i>cry<\/i>\n                    gene profiling and insecticidal activity of indigenous\n                    <i>Bacillus thuringiensis<\/i>\n                    strains against\n                    <i>Holotrichia serrata<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"373","author":[{"given":"Lavanya Siddanahalli","family":"Manjunath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR- National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources , Bengaluru 560 024 ,","place":["India"]},{"name":"UAS, GKVK Department of Agricultural Microbiology, , Bengaluru 560 065 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muthuraju","family":"Ramaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UAS, GKVK Department of Agricultural Microbiology, , Bengaluru 560 065 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jagadeesh","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR- National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources , Bengaluru 560 024 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kolla","family":"Sreedevi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR- National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources , Bengaluru 560 024 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aditya","family":"Kukreti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR- National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources , Bengaluru 560 024 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prasannakumar Mothukapalli","family":"Krishnareddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UAS, GKVK Department of Plant Pathology, , Bengaluru 560 065 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pramesh","family":"Devanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-Directorate of Mushroom Research , Solan 173 213 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sivakumar","family":"Gopalsamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR- National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources , Bengaluru 560 024 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satya Nand","family":"Sushil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR- National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources , Bengaluru 560 024 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