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Numerous bacterial species establish infection in DFUs, and treatment with antibiotics often fails due to widespread antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation. Determination of bacterial species that reside in DFU and their virulence potential is critical to inform treatment options. Here, we isolate bacteria from debridement tissues from patients with diabetes at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center. The most frequent species were Gram-positive including Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS). Most tissues had more than one species isolated with E. faecalis and GBS frequently occurring in polymicrobial infection with S. aureus. S. aureus was the best biofilm producing species with E. faecalis and GBS isolates exhibiting little to no biofilm formation. Antibiotic susceptibility varied amongst strains with high levels of penicillin resistance amongst S. aureus, clindamycin resistance amongst GBS and intermediate vancomycin resistance amongst E. faecalis. Finally, we utilized a murine model of diabetic wound infection and found that the presence of S. aureus led to significantly higher recovery of GBS and E. faecalis compared to mice challenged in mono-infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/femsmc\/xtae013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T01:09:41Z","timestamp":1715044181000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Virulence characteristics of Gram-positive bacteria isolated from diabetic foot ulcers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8376-2307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca A","family":"Keogh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz , Aurora, CO 80045 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Savannah","family":"Huyvaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz , Aurora, CO 80045 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garrett D","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora, CO 80045 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander R","family":"Horswill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz , Aurora, CO 80045 , United States"},{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs, Eastern Colorado Healthcare System , Aurora, CO 80045 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4232-6837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly S","family":"Doran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz , Aurora, CO 80045 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024052315420721000_bib1","first-page":"14","article-title":"The impact of nutritional immunity on group B streptococcal pathogenesis during wound infection. 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